Bulletin of the American Physical Society
71st Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics
Volume 63, Number 13
Sunday–Tuesday, November 18–20, 2018; Atlanta, Georgia
Session G26: Focus Session: Complex Fluid Flows Through Porous Media I |
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Chair: Sujit Datta, Princeton University Room: Georgia World Congress Center B314 |
Monday, November 19, 2018 10:35AM - 10:48AM |
G26.00001: Pore-scale simulation of complex fluids through porous media Soroush Aramideh, Pavlos Vlachos, Arezoo M Ardekani Flow of complex fluids through porous media is of great importance as it is the core aspect of many natural and engineering processes such as enhanced oil recovery. Although flow of Newtonian fluids at the pore-scale is well understood, pore-scale study of physical processes underpinning macroscopic flow behavior of complex fluids in porous media such as shear thickening above a critical Deborah number is lacking. In this work, using high resolution direct numerical simulations, we investigate the flow of complex fluids through random arrays of cylinders for a range of Deborah numbers and show that consistent with experimental observations, followed by a period of shear thinning at small Deborah numbers, there exists an onset of flow thickening. We show that in this regime, presence of large normal stresses in the form of filaments affect the velocity distribution and particle dispersion compared to those of Newtonian fluids. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 10:48AM - 11:01AM |
G26.00002: Wettability control on multiphase flow in porous media: A benchmark study on current pore-scale modeling approaches Benzhong Zhao, Christopher W. MacMinn, Ruben Juanes Multiphase flow in porous media is important in many natural and industrial processes, including geologic CO2 sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and water infiltration into soil. Despite its recognized importance, certain aspects of wettability control on multiphase flow continue to challenge our microscopic and macroscopic descriptions. The goal of this work is to validate and improve different pore-scale modeling methodologies by comparing the modeling results from various leading researchers with a benchmark experimental dataset on patterned microfluidic cells (Zhao et al., PNAS 113, 10251–10256 (2016)). We received submissions from over 10 research groups from around the world, whose modeling approaches include Lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM), smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), Cahn-Hilliard phase-field models, volume of fluid (VoF) methods, level-set methods (LSM), and pore-network models. Despite the high computational demand of simulating the fluid-fluid displacement process at the pore-scale, the modeling results have shown encouraging agreement with the experiments, while also highlighting the need to develop alternative pore-scale modeling methodologies capable of accounting for the 3D nature of interfacial flows in a computationally efficient manner. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 11:01AM - 11:14AM |
G26.00003: Influence of Wettability and Dynamic Fluid-Fluid Displacement in Micromodels Bauyrzhan Primkulov, Amir Pahlavan, Xiaojing Fu, Benzhong Zhao, Christopher W. MacMinn, Ruben Juanes The radial displacement of a viscous fluid by a less viscous fluid in micromodel porous media leads to a beautiful array of flow patterns. Here, emerging patterns depend on the capillary number (Ca), viscosity contrast (M), pore structure, and wettability of the system. In the limit of low Ca, the invading pattern grows asymmetrically through either capillary fingering, cooperative pore filling, or corner flow mechanisms as the substrate wettability changes from strong drainage to strong imbibition. As Ca increases, and for M<1, the invading fluid becomes more radially symmetric and forms viscous fingers, whose widths increase as the substrate becomes more wetting to the invading fluid. We model the immiscible fluid-fluid displacement in patterned microfluidic cells through a novel ``moving capacitor'' network model, which considers pore-scale instability events of Cieplak and Robbins and corner flow events. In our model, we approximate the flow geometry through a pore network where interfaces are treated as moving electric capacitors. The model reproduces the invading fluid patterns observed experimentally under a wide range of Ca and substrate wettabilities, which demonstrates its potential as a predictive pore-scale modeling tool for more complex pore geometries. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 11:14AM - 11:27AM |
G26.00004: Evaporation-Induced Instability during Dry Gas Injection into Water-Saturated Porous Media Ke Xu, Ruben Juanes The dynamics of immiscible fluid-fluid displacement in porous media have been investigated widely. However, geological flow systems involving partially miscible fluids, such as unsaturated gas draining evaporable liquid, have not been investigated to an equivalent extent. Here we experimentally investigated the role of slow evaporation on gas-water displacement dynamics, by continuously injecting dry gas into water-saturated porous media. We observed a surprising global collapse of the gas-swept domain—a process in which water invades back into the gas-saturated region in relatively short time, which is initiated several hours after gas breakthrough. We show that this global pattern instability is caused by the evaporation of residual water clusters surrounded by the channels that deliver the gas flow. A mathematical model of this evaporation-induced instability is developed that predicts the onset of the pattern collapse and also explains the recurrence and intermittency of collapse at low gas-injection rates, and its absence at high rates. Understanding such evaporation-flow coupling dynamics may be important for applications such as CO2 sequestration, geothermal recovery, gas-enhanced oil recovery, and gas delivery to the cathode in low-temperature fuel cells. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 11:27AM - 11:40AM |
G26.00005: Effect of Ostwald ripening on CO2 residual trapping Charlotte Garing, Jacques de Chalendar, Sally Benson The long-term reliability of residual trapping is a key process for CO2 storage security and efficiency. After an initial drainage phase during injection, substantial supercritical CO2 (scCO2) volumes are disconnected from the plume during brine imbibition. Whereas conventional multi-phase flow models assume that residually trapped portions of the plume are permanently immobilized, multiple physiochemical mechanisms exist which could potentially invalidate this assumption. One mechanism is CO2 transfer driven by differences in capillary pressure between disconnected neighbor ganglia, called Ostwald Ripening. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of Ostwald ripening on the long-term evolution of residual trapping by i) assessing the potential for Ostwald ripening in rocks to remobilize trapped CO2 using synchrotron X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) analysis of pore-scale capillary pressure and modeling of Ostwald ripening mechanism in rocks and ii) observing the stability of residually trapped scCO2 during the early stages following imbibition CO2 in a sandstone by conducting a drainage-imbibition experiment with reservoir conditions and time-resolved micro-CT imaging. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 11:40AM - 11:53AM |
G26.00006: Cooperative mobilization of microemulsion in porous media Shima Parsa, Mohamad Ali Bijarchi, Maria L Jimenez, David A Weitz We study the cooperatives dynamics of monodisperse droplets in 2D porous media using confocal microscopy and particle tracking. The size of the droplets are of the same order of the pore sizes of the medium and are generated on demand and injected into the porous media. We measure the dynamics of the carrier fluid at pore level and track the mobilization of droplets simultaneously. We find that upon arrival or mobilization of one droplet, large pressure fluctuations emerge across neighboring pores. The pressure fluctuations result in cooperative mobilization of droplets. The behavior of emulsions within porous media is an important issue in industry and environmental studies such as water remediation. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 11:53AM - 12:06PM |
G26.00007: Transport of emulsions in heterogeneous environments Marine Le Blay, Denis Bartolo We study the transport of emulsions through disordered media. Taking advantage of the microfluidic-sticker technique, we produce mono-disperse emulsions and investigate their traffic in random lattices of trapping sites. We combine concepts and tools from fluid mechanics and depinning physics to elucidate the collective mobilization of fluid ganglia in random environments. Preliminary results suggest a continuous transition from a creep to a continuous flow regime via avalanches and the formation of a channel. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 12:06PM - 12:19PM |
G26.00008: Transition to reaction-induced viscous fingering Manoranjan Mishra, Vandita Sharma, Satyajit Pramanik, Ching Yao Chen Viscous fingering (VF) occurs when a less viscous fluid displaces a more viscous one in porous media. Such instabilities appear both in the reactive and non-reactive fluids. Through the modification of the viscosity or density of the fluids or both and/or the permeability of the underlying porous medium, chemical reactions lead to a complex fingering dynamics in comparison to the non-reactive fluids. we show numerically that a second order chemical reaction of A + B → C causes a transition in the VF instability in miscible fluids. The reactants have equal viscosity and generate a product that has a dynamic viscosity different than the reactants. Using a hybridization of compact finite difference and pseudo-spectral methods numerical simulations of a radial source flow is performed. The VF patterns are in good agreement with the existing experiments. Radial displacement plays a significant role on the dynamics leading to various contrasting results from those existing for rectilinear displacements. We further show that the viscosity contrast due to chemical reactions is not always sufficient to trigger the instability and the instability region is summarized in a Da-Rc phase plane containing a stable zone sandwiched between two unstable zones. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 12:19PM - 12:32PM |
G26.00009: Dissolution at the pore scale: comparing simulations and experiments Anthony Ladd, Vitaliy Starchenko, Filip Dutka, Piotr Szymczak Flow and transport in porous media are usually modeled at the Darcy scale. The system is comprised of representative elementary volumes described by average properties such as porosity, permeability, dispersion coefficients, and reactive surface area. Although this allows large volumes to be simulated efficiently, there are serious difficulties in developing suitable models for the properties of the REV's. When there is rapid dissolution, even the validity of the averaging process is called into doubt by the strong gradients in concentration within a single REV. Pore-scale modeling overcomes many of the limitations of Darcy-scale models, albeit at much greater computational cost. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear that a single set of parameters – fluid viscosity, ion diffusion coefficients, and surface reaction rates – can consistently describe dissolution of samples with different pore structures. Here we describe some preliminary results of comparisons of numerical simulations with microfluidic experiments, emphasizing uncertainties in the experiments themselves, the numerical modeling of aqueous ion transport, and the characterization of surface reaction rates. |
Monday, November 19, 2018 12:32PM - 12:45PM |
G26.00010: A mathematical model for a hydraulically fractured well in a coal seam reservoir by considering desorption, viscous flow, and diffusion Zuhao Kou, Morteza Dejam This study is an extension of previous works, which develops a mathematical model to simulate the transient performance of a multi-wing fractured well (MWFW) in a coal seam reservoir. Including the characteristics of initial pressure and pore structure of coal seam, the proposed model simultaneously considers the Langmuir isothermal adsorption, Knudson diffusion, and Darcy seepage in coal seam matrix as well as the viscous flow in fracture system. Then, by coupling the seepage flow differential equation in matrix system to that in fracture system, the continuous line-source solution is derived. Finally, the methods of superposition principle, Gauss elimination, and Stehfest numerical inversion are applied to obtain the transient pressure response and production dynamics. Sensitivity analysis reveals that transient performance is mainly affected by properties of hydraulic fractures, Knudsen diffusion coefficient, and Langmuir volume. The findings of this study can improve our understanding of the well test interpretation and production performance of MWFWs in coal seam reservoirs. |
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