Bulletin of the American Physical Society
70th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics
Volume 62, Number 14
Sunday–Tuesday, November 19–21, 2017; Denver, Colorado
Session E12: Drops: Anti-icing and DeicingDrops FSI
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Chair: Susmita Dash, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room: 505 |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 4:55PM - 5:08PM |
E12.00001: Using Ice Nucleating Particles to Enable Desublimation on Chilled Substrates Julia O'Brien, Kevin Failor, Caitlin Bisbano, Megan Mulroe, Saurabh Nath, Boris Vinatzer, Jonathan Boreyko On a subfreezing surface, nucleating embryos usually form as supercooled condensate that later freeze into ice, as opposed to desublimation. Ice nucleating particles (INPs) have been widely used to freeze existing water; however, nobody has studied how they might affect the initial mode of nucleation. Here, we show that INPs deposited on a substrate can switch the mode of embryo nucleation to desublimation, rather than supercooled condensation. Deposition was achieved by evaporating a water droplet containing INPs on a hydrophobic silicon wafer. A Peltier stage was used to cool the wafer down inside of a controlled humidity chamber, such that the desired set point temperature correlated with the dew point and onset of nucleation. Beneath a critical surface temperature, microscopy indicated that desublimation occurred on the circular patch of deposited INPs, compared to supercooled condensation outside the circle. The hydrophobic surface was then patterned with hydrophilic stripe arrays, which facilitated the deposition of stripes of INPs via the same evaporation method. The resulting array of desublimating ice stripes created dry zones free of condensation or frost in the intermediate areas, as the hygroscopic ice stripes served as overlapping humidity sinks. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 5:08PM - 5:21PM |
E12.00002: Passive anti-frosting surfaces using microscopic ice arrays. Farzad Ahmadi, Saurabh Nath, Grady Iliff, Jonathan Boreyko Despite exceptional advances in surface chemistry and micro/nanofabrication, no engineered surface has been able to passively suppress the in-plane growth of frost occurring in humid, subfreezing environments. Motivated by this, and inspired by the fact that ice itself can evaporate nearby liquid water droplets, we present a passive anti-frosting surface in which the majority of the surface remains dry indefinitely. We fabricated an aluminum surface exhibiting an array of small metallic fins, where a wicking micro-groove was laser-cut along the top of each fin to produce elevated water ``stripes'' that freeze into ice. As the saturation vapor pressure of ice is less than that of supercooled liquid water, the ice stripes serve as overlapping humidity sinks that siphon all nearby moisture from the air and prevent condensation and frost from forming anywhere else on the surface. Our experimental results show that regions between stripes remain dry even after 24 hours of operation under humid and supercooled conditions. We believe that the presented anti-frosting technology has the potential to help solve the world's multi-billion dollar frosting problem that adversely affects transportation, power generation, and HVAC systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 5:21PM - 5:34PM |
E12.00003: A Bridge Too Far: Suppressing Frost Using an Out-of-Plane Dry Zone Corey Spohn, Farzad Ahmadi, Saurabh Nath, Jonathan Boreyko It has recently been shown that ice can suppress the formation of any nearby condensation or frost on a substrate. However, these in-plane dry zones require the hygroscopic ice features to be placed on the same surface they are helping to keep dry, which makes it impossible to achieve complete anti-frosting. Here, we create an out-of-plane dry zone by holding two aluminum surfaces parallel to each other, where a uniform sheet of frost was grown on one surface to keep the other surface completely dry. The critical separation required to keep the test surface dry was found to be a function of the ambient supersaturation. We also show that inter-droplet ice bridging, now known to be a primary mechanism for in-plane frost growth, can be similarly extended to an out-of-plane configuration. We freeze a droplet on a hydrophobic surface and suspend a water droplet above it, such that an ice bridge grows toward the water droplet. More generally, these findings show that the recently discovered phenomena of dry zones and ice bridging can be extended to out-of-plane scenarios, which could lead to a better understanding of the behavior of mixed-phase systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 5:34PM - 5:47PM |
E12.00004: Melting Frozen Droplets Using Photo-Thermal Traps Susmita Dash, Jolet de Ruiter, Kripa Varanasi Ice buildup is an operational and safety hazard in wind turbines, power lines, and airplanes. While traditional de-icing methods are energy-intensive or environmentally unfriendly, passive anti-icing approach using superhydrophobic surfaces fails under humid conditions, which necessitates development of passive deicing methods. Here, we investigate a passive technique for deicing using a multi-layer surface design that can efficiently absorb and convert the incident solar radiation to heat. The corresponding increase in substrate temperature allows for easy removal of frozen droplets from the surface. We demonstrate the deicing performance of the designed surface both at very low temperatures, and under frost and snow coverage. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 5:47PM - 6:00PM |
E12.00005: Spontaneous De-Icing Phenomena on Extremely Cold Surfaces dong song, Chang-Hwan Choi Freezing of droplets on cold surfaces is universal phenomenon, while the mechanisms are still inadequately understood. Here we report spontaneous de-icing phenomena of an impacting droplet which occur on extreme cold surfaces. When a droplet impacts on cold surfaces lower than -80${^\circ}$, it takes more than two times longer for the droplet to freeze than the ones at -50${^\circ}$. Moreover, the frozen droplet below -80${^\circ}$ breaks up into several large parts spontaneously in the end. When a droplet impacts on the extreme cold surfaces, evaporation and condensation occur immediately as the droplet approaches the substrate. A thick layer of frost forms between the droplet and substrate, decreasing the contact area of the droplet with substrate. It leads to impede the heat transfer and hence extends the freezing time significantly. On the extremely cold substrate, the droplet freezes from the center to the edge area, in contrast to a typical case freezing from the bottom to the top. This novel from-center-to-edge freezing process changes the internal tension of the frozen droplet and results in the instantaneous breakup and release eventually, which can be taken advantage of for effective de-icing mechanisms. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 19, 2017 6:00PM - 6:13PM |
E12.00006: Breakfast patterns of frozen impacted drops Virgile Thievenaz, Christophe Josserand, Thomas Seon We investigate experimentally the solidification of a water drop during its impact on a sub-zero cooled metallic plate. As the drop impacts the substrate, a first thin layer of ice builds-up in the briefest moment. Afterwards, the competition between the liquid solidification and its retraction on this ice layer leads to a variety of frozen drop patterns. Typically, with a change of temperature the drop can freeze into a fried egg or a doughnut shape. These frozen motifs experience different sizes and can even disappear so only the thin pancake remains. These patterns have been explored through a range of parameters such as : plate temperature, thermal properties, drop size and impact velocity. Phase-diagrams show the range and the transition temperatures between the different patterns as a function of those parameters. The experimental results are discussed using a scaling law approach, allowing basic understanding of the underlying physics. [Preview Abstract] |
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