Bulletin of the American Physical Society
67th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics
Volume 59, Number 20
Sunday–Tuesday, November 23–25, 2014; San Francisco, California
Session G3: Porous Media Flows IV: General |
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Chair: Shima Parsa, Harvard University Room: 3004 |
Monday, November 24, 2014 8:00AM - 8:13AM |
G3.00001: Application of micro-PIV technique to study multiphase flow of water and liquid CO$_2$ in 2D porous media F. Kazemifar, G. Blois, D.C. Kyritsis, K.T. Christensen We study the multiphase flow of water and liquid/supercritical CO$_2$ in 2D porous micromodels, with the goal of developing a more complete understanding of pore-scale flow dynamics for the scenario of geological sequestration of carbon dioxide. Fluorescent microscopy and the micro-PIV technique are employed to simultaneously visualize both phases and obtain the velocity field in the aqueous phase. This technique provides a powerful tool for studying such flow systems and the results give valuable insight into flow processes at the pore scale. The fluid-fluid interface curvature from the images can be used to estimate the local capillary pressure. The velocity measurements illustrate active and passive flow pathways and circulation regions near the fluid-fluid interfaces induced by shear. Thin water films observed on the solid surfaces confirm the hydrophilic nature of the micromodels. The velocity of the said films is measured by particle tracking. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 8:13AM - 8:26AM |
G3.00002: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Monday, November 24, 2014 8:26AM - 8:39AM |
G3.00003: Experimental characterization of the deviation from Darcy flow at low Reynolds numbers through elastic porous matrices Sid Becker, Ben Munro The subject of this study concerns viscous flow through an elastic porous matrial for which the solid matrix is capable of experiencing deformation under the influence of the flow field. The inherent challenges associated with developing experimental testing of flow in deformable porous media are largely related to the fabrication of a deformable matrix. In this study a method of media fabrication is presented that uses an indirect solid free form fabrication process combining 3D Printing with an infused Polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. This allows for the precise control of the matrix parameters: elasticity and pore geometry. The conjugate flow-media behavior is then observed in an experimental test rig which captures the global flow behavior, the local matrix deformation, and the onset of the deviation from Darcy flow at low Re. The experimental data is presented such that the results can be used for numerical validation. Dimensionless combinations of parameters are considered in the prediction of the point of deviation from Darcy flow at low Re and confirmed from the experimental data. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 8:39AM - 8:52AM |
G3.00004: Experimental Analysis of Entrance Effects in Low Reynolds Flow in Porous Media Ben Munro, Sid Becker The topic of this research concerns the experimentally observed influences of the developmental effects in a rigid porous media. A test rig has been constructed that accurately measures the pressure drop across the media and the corresponding average bulk flow velocity. The porous media has been developed using a 3D printer so that the pore geometries are uniform throughout the media. The fluid is a mixture of glycerol and water for which the viscosity is varied. Measurements of the global pressure drop versus bulk flow rate have been made over a range of Re in which the overall length of the porous media (in the direction of flow) has been varied. Because all tests have been conducted at low Re (and thus within the Darcy regime) comparisons of experimentally determined permeability between the overall media lengths provide insight into the non linear component of pressure drop that occur within the developing region. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 8:52AM - 9:05AM |
G3.00005: Rapid capillary filling of high aspect ratio helically-supported channels in microgravity Maverick Terrazas, David Thiessen Arrays of capillary channels supported by helical wires may be useful as passive phase separators in microgravity. In particular, we are interested in liquid-filled channels connected by manifolds to a pressure reservoir maintained below ambient pressure to collect and transport droplets from a two-phase flow back to the low-pressure reservoir. This drop capture requires that the entire array along with the manifolds be filled with liquid by connecting them to a pressure reservoir. The priming of an array of 6-mm diameter channels in low-gravity aircraft flights has been demonstrated and shown to be stable in the presence of an exterior, transverse two-phase flow with droplet diameters ranging up to several centimeters. The priming of one or two 6-mm diameter channels with springs of large pitch has been demonstrated in drop-tower experiments as well. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 9:05AM - 9:18AM |
G3.00006: Evaporation in dense suspension droplets Jin Young Kim, Byung Mook Weon When a drop on a solid surface dries, a variety of drying dynamics emerge eventually. Here we show how colloidal particles affect drying dynamics in colloidal suspensions. By comparing drying dynamics of pure and colloidal fluids using confocal microscopy and mass balance, we demonstrate that the drying dynamics of colloidal fluids strongly depend on the colloid size and the initial concentration. The role of colloidal particles is complicated in the drying processes and related to the hydrodynamics for the porous medium. This work would offer clues for the dynamic nature of colloidal fluids and help to understand the drying-mediated processes such as spreading, painting, coating, and evapotranspiration. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 9:18AM - 9:31AM |
G3.00007: Drying by bubble nucleation of plant-inspired nanoscale porous media Olivier Vincent, Alexandre Szenicer, Jules Guioth, Erik Huber, David Sessoms, Abraham Stroock Drying from porous media is a very common phenomenon, with examples of increasing importance such as drying of soils and plants during drought, or drying of rocks subsequent to underground gas flow. Understanding and predicting drying in these examples is particularly challenging due to the large range of lengthscales that coexist in the porous medium, which can span from nanometers to meters. Inspired by the structures of the water conducting tissues that can be found in trees, we built artificial porous structures with two well separated lenghtscales: voids or channels at the micrometer scale that are interconnected by pores only a few nanometers wide. This presentation will explore the dynamics of drying in these model structures and show that drying occurs by bubble nucleation (cavitation) inside the medium rather than by the receding of liquid-vapor interfaces from the edges. We will explore the consequences of that unusual drying mode on the drying front propagation, with different regimes that can be obtained by varying the sizes and shapes of the tailored features in the nanoporous medium. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 9:31AM - 9:44AM |
G3.00008: Experimental study of the flow over random porous media Reza Gheisari, Parisa Mirbod Flow over porous media has significant applications in biological systems, and industrial processes. The main focus of the majority of works in this area has been on the formulation of appropriate conditions at the interface separating the pure fluid from the porous medium flow. Furthermore, recent experimental measurements have been limited to explore the flow over superhydrophic surfaces as well as homogenous patterns. Previous studies show that the drag force due to sliding friction can be dramatically reduced if the elastic restoring force of the solid phase is small compared to the lift force generated by transiently trapped air inside the porous material. In this study, particle image velocimetry was used to observe slip velocities, shear stress, and drag reductions over a random soft porous media. Results illustrate the significant effect of these patterns on the streamlines, which can potentially affect drag force. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 9:44AM - 9:57AM |
G3.00009: From Red Cells to Soft Porous Lubrication Qianhong Wu, Thomas Gacka, Rungun Nathan, Robert Crawford Biological scientists have wondered, since the motion of red cells was first observed in capillaries, how the highly flexible red cell can move with so little friction in tightly fitting microvessels without being damaged or undergoing hemolysis. Theoretical studies (Feng and Weinbaum, 2000, JFM; Wu et al., 2004, PRL) attributed this frictionless motion to the dramatically enhanced hydrodynamic lifting force generated inside the soft, porous, endothelial surface layer (ESL) covering the inner surfaces of our capillaries, as a red blood cell glides over it. Herein we report the first experimental examination of this concept. The results conclusively demonstrate that significant fraction of the overall lifting force generated in a soft porous layer as a planing surface glides over it, is contributed by the pore fluid pressure, and thus frictional loss is reduced significantly. Moreover, the experimental predictions showed excellent agreement with the experimental data. This finding has the potential of dramatically changing existing lubrication approaches, and can result in substantial savings in energy consumption and thus reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, November 24, 2014 9:57AM - 10:10AM |
G3.00010: Effects of polymer retention on dynamics of single phase flow Shima Parsa, David Weitz We study the effect of adsorption of polymer solution on dynamics of a single phase flow in a model porous medium. We use confocal microscopy to fully visualize the flow of fluid in 3D micromodel of porous media. Polymer flooding is known to be an effective method for enhanced oil recovery. However, the physical mechanism is not clearly understood. We study the effect of polymer retention on the dynamics of single phase flow using particle image velocimetery. The distribution of velocities in the medium changes greatly after flow of high concentrations of polymer through the medium. Comparing the magnitude of velocities before and after the polymer flow, we observe reduction of accessible pores to the fluid at similar injection rates. Independent measurement of the permeability of the medium confirms the decrease in the porosity. Measurements of the retention of polymer in porous media shows a weak dependence on the hydrodynamic radius of the polymer. In these experiments, the viscoelastic behavior of the polymer is isolated from velocity measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
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