Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2005 58th Annual Meeting of the Division of Fluid Dynamics
Sunday–Tuesday, November 20–22, 2005; Chicago, IL
Session NH: Industrial Flows |
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Chair: Anjaneyulu Krothapalli, Florida State University Room: Hilton Chicago Williford B |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 11:01AM - 11:14AM |
NH.00001: Radiation-dominated melting and glass furnaces Sunny Chiu-Webster, John Hinch The dominant mode of heat transfer at high temperatures is radiative. We consider a generic problem of radiative melting and show how the often-used Rosseland (or diffusion) approximation breaks down. We then formulate the full radiative heat-transfer problem. The Stefan condition used for diffusion needs to be generalized to allow for finite optical depth and incidence of the radiation from all directions. We present calculations based on an enthalpy method with melting occurring over a finite depth, which can also model multiple-stage melting of solid or granular mixtures. For glass furnaces, we calculate the rate of melting of the raw materials. We then determine how far the raw materials spread down the tank, and address a long-standing industrial question about the stability of flow in glass furnaces. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 11:14AM - 11:27AM |
NH.00002: Design and Fluid Dynamic Investigations for a High Performance Light Water Reactor Fuel Assembly Jan Hofmeister, Eckart Laurin, Andreas G. Class, Thomas Schulenberg Within the 5th Framework Program of the European Commission a nuclear light water reactor with supercritical steam conditions has been investigated called High Performance Light Water Reactor (HPLWR). This reactor concept is distinct from conventional light water reactor concepts by the fact, that supercritical water is used to achieve higher core outlet temperatures. The reactor operates with a high system pressure, high heat-up of the coolant within the core, and high outlet temperatures of the coolant resulting in a thermal efficiency of up to 44\%. We present the design concept proposed by IKET, and a fluid dynamic problem in the foot piece of the fuel assembly, where unacceptable temperature variations must be omitted. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 11:27AM - 11:40AM |
NH.00003: Experimental Measurements and Comparison of Cable Performance for Mine Hunting Applications Katherine Mangum, Benjamin Ruppel The Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWCCD) conducted testing of multiple faired synthetic cables in the High Speed Basin in April, 2005. The objective of the test was to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of bare cables, ribbon faired cables, and cables with extruded plastic ``strakes.'' Faired cables are used to gain on-station time and improve performance of the MH-60 Helicopter when towing mine hunting vehicles. Drag and strum were compared for all cases. Strum was quantified by computing standard deviations of lateral cable acceleration amplitudes. Drag coefficients were calculated using cable tension and angle readings. While the straked cables strummed less than the bare synthetic cable, they did not reduce strum levels as well as ribbon fairing at steep cable angles for speeds of 10, 15, 20 and 25 knots. The drag coefficient of the straked cables was calculated to be higher than that of a bare cable, although further testing is needed to determine an exact number. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 11:40AM - 11:53AM |
NH.00004: The interaction of pulsatile flow in the presence of wall waviness with application to separation in space habitation environments Aaron Thomas, Gatwech Thich, Demian Guthmiller, Ranga Narayanan Oscillatory flows in tubes are a novel way to increase the separation of two dilute species present in a carrier while providing a high throughput or mass transfer. We can then mechanically separate, for example, trace contaminants from air in long-term manned space missions without a re-supply or a regeneration of materials. The separation is connected to dispersion wherein low diffusing species is axially dispersed down a tube to a great amount than a fast diffusing species. One of the ways to change the rate at which a species transports is to alter the flow by modifying the geometrical configuration of the tube. This study analyzes the effect of a wavy-walled boundary on the mass transfer and separation of two dilute species. The main goal is to understand the physics so that a system can be designed to give the greatest separation along with a high mass transfer. The results show that the wavy-wall decreases the overall mass transfer as oscillation frequencies increase in comparison to a flat wall but increases the separation. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 11:53AM - 12:06PM |
NH.00005: SOFC-Gas Turbine Hybrid System for Aircraft Applications: Modeling and Performance Analysis Nischal Srivastava, Juan Ordonez, Thomas Brinson There is a growing interest in fuel cells for aircraft applications. Fuel cells when combined with conventional turbine power plants offer high fuel efficiencies. The feature of fuel cells (SOFC, MCFC) used in aircraft applications, which makes them suitable for hybrid systems, is their high operating temperature. Their dynamic nature, both electrical and thermodynamic, demands a dynamic study of the complete hybrid cycle. In this paper we present a model for a SOFC/Gas Turbine hybrid system and its implementation in Matlab-Simulink. The main focus of the paper is on the dynamic analysis of the combined SOFC/GT cycle. Various configurations of the hybrid system are proposed and simulated. A comparative study of the simulated configurations, based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, is presented. An exergy analysis for the chosen configuration is used to perform a parametric study of the overall hybrid system performance. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 12:06PM - 12:19PM |
NH.00006: Theoretical analysis of multiphase flow during oil-well drilling by a conservative model Ruben Nicolas-Lopez, J. Hector Rodriguez-Hernandez, Mario G. Garcia-Herrera In order to decrease cost and improve drilling operations is necessary a better understood of the flow mechanisms. Therefore, it was carried out a multiphase conservative model that includes three mass equations and a momentum equation. Also, the measured geothermal gradient is utilized by state equations for estimating physical properties of the phases flowing. The mathematical model is solved by numerical conservative schemes. It is used to analyze the interaction among solid-liquid-gas phases. The circulating system consists as follow, the circulating fluid is pumped downward into the drilling pipe until the bottom of the open hole then it flows through the drill bit, and at this point formation cuttings are incorporated to the circulating fluid and carried upward to the surface. The mixture returns up to the surface by an annular flow area. The real operational conditions are fed to conservative model and the results are matched up to field measurements in several oil wells. Mainly, flow rates, drilling rate, well and tool geometries are data to estimate the profiles of pressure, mixture density, equivalent circulating density, gas fraction and solid carrying capacity. Even though the problem is very complex, the model describes, properly, the hydrodynamics of drilling techniques applied at oil fields. *Authors want to thank to Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo and Petroleos Mexicanos for supporting this research. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, November 22, 2005 12:19PM - 12:32PM |
NH.00007: Numerical modeling of fish passage at the Lower Granite dam Larry Weber, Songheng Li, Ken Hansen Being the first collector dam on the Snake River, the Lower Granite Dam is important to juvenile fish downstream passage. To improve the performance of the Behavioral-Guidance-Structure(BGS), Surface-Bypass-Collector(SBC), and Removable-Spillway-Weir (RSW) on fish passage, numerical simulations have been conducted using the 3D CFD model developed at IIHR-Hydroscience {\&} Engineering. The code solves the RANS equations with two-equation turbulence models. Multi-block structured grids were generated. The model was first compared in the total force and distribution on the BGS wall with the prototype data and the comparison gave a satisfactory agreement. Then runs with combinations of the BGS, SBC, RSW, trash boom, and loading of the units and spillway were conducted, and the primary flow patterns, pressure distribution on the BGS wall, velocity, and acceleration status of flow approaching the RSW were analyzed and compared. [Preview Abstract] |
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