Bulletin of the American Physical Society
51st Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 65, Number 4
Monday–Friday, June 1–5, 2020; Portland, Oregon
Session S09: Synthetic dynamical fieldsInvited Live
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Lindsay LeBlanc, University of Alberta Room: Portland 256 |
Friday, June 5, 2020 8:00AM - 8:30AM Live |
S09.00001: Lattice gauge theories and cold atomic mixtures Invited Speaker: Fred Jendrzejewski In the fundamental laws of physics, gauge fields mediate the interaction between charged particles. An example is quantum electrodynamics---the theory of electrons interacting with the electromagnetic field---based on U(1) gauge symmetry. Solving such gauge theories is in general a hard problem for classical computational techniques. While quantum computers suggest a way forward, it is difficult to build large-scale digital quantum devices required for complex simulations. In this talk, I will present our work on analog quantum simulators of a U(1) gauge theory in one spatial dimension. To engineer the local gauge symmetry, we employ inter-species spin-changing collisions in an atomic mixture. We demonstrate the experimental realization of the elementary building block and discuss how it can be scaled to a U(1) gauge theory in one spatial dimension. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 5, 2020 8:30AM - 9:00AM Live |
S09.00002: Dynamical spin-orbit coupling of a quantum gas in a cavity Invited Speaker: Ronen Kroeze Quantum simulation with ultracold atoms has been enriched by techniques using laser-induced atomic transitions to create synthetic gauge fields, including spin-orbit coupling (SOC). These synthetic fields can generate exotic phase diagrams with paradigmatic topological states. We describe how we realize SOC in the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics, where ultracold atoms are trapped inside an optical resonator in a way such that the atoms interact strongly with the electric field inside the cavity. SOC-generating Raman transitions are created using one external classical field plus the intracavity quantum field. Owing to the cavity initially being in a vacuum state, and being spontaneously populated by the atoms superradiantly scattering light from the external beams, the SOC is rendered dynamical. We observe emergent SOC through spin-resolved atomic momentum imaging and temporal heterodyne measurement of the cavity-field emission. These reveal that the spin-orbit coupled state is a spinor-helix polariton condensate with a spontaneously broken $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. Extending these results to dynamical gauge fields may enable coupled light-matter systems to generate Meissner-like effects, topological superfluids, and exotic quantum Hall states. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 5, 2020 9:00AM - 9:30AM Live |
S09.00003: Equilibrium and Dynamics of Bose Condensates with Density-Dependent Gauge Field Invited Speaker: Cheng Chin We demonstrate density-dependent gauge fields based on periodically driven atomic quantum gases. The gauge field results from the synchronous modulation of atomic interactions near a Feshbach resonance and micromotion in a phase-modulated two-dimensional optical lattice. The coherence between the modulations breaks the time reversal symmetry and couples the quasi-momenta to the on-site interactions, and the resulting effects can be captured by a density-dependent gauge field. Novel D2 and D4 quantum phase transitions and topological defects are observed and will be presented in the talk. We envision that the density-dependent gauge fields will provide a stepping stone to simulate novel quantum phenomena in the presence of dynamical gauge fields. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 5, 2020 9:30AM - 10:00AM Live |
S09.00004: Simulating problems from high energy physics on quantum computers Invited Speaker: Christine Muschik Gauge theories represent our most successful approach to describe nature’s fundamental forces. However, obtaining solutions using classical computational methods remains among some of the greatest challenges in physics, due to the inherent limitations of classical computers to simulate quantum properties, as well as the infamous sign-problem that plagues today's standard calculations based on Monte Carlo methods. Quantum technologies offer an exciting perspective to address such problems. This talk covers recent demonstrations of quantum simulations of 1D quantum electrodynamics on a trapped ion quantum computer [Martinez et al, Nature534, 516 [2016], Kokail et al, Nature 569, 355 (2019)]. Moreover, we show how quantum simulations of gauge theories can be extended to two spatial dimensions using current quantum hardware. In contrast to 1D QED, higher dimensions allow for non-trivial magnetic field effects, while at the same time, the Fermi statistics of the matter fields become important. Unlocking those effects imposes practical challenges, rendering quantum simulations beyond 1D inherently demanding. To tackle these difficulties, we introduce novel approaches to render near-term demonstrations possible. [Preview Abstract] |
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