Bulletin of the American Physical Society
50th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics APS Meeting
Volume 64, Number 4
Monday–Friday, May 27–31, 2019; Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Session P03: Ultrafast Sources and Techniques |
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Chair: Carlos Trallero, University of Connecticut Room: Wisconsin Center 101CD |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 10:30AM - 11:00AM |
P03.00001: Concepts for scaling peak power {\&} average power of few-cycle laser sources Invited Speaker: Bruno Schmidt Strong field driven processes can best controlled with carrier envelope phase stabilized laser pulses consisting only of a few oscillations of the electric filed. The most straight forward and therefore most widespread way to reach this goal is post-compression of multicycle lasers. Especially at high powers, hollow-core fibers (HCF) became the work horse in the strong filed community. Even though more complex, an alternative route are laser sources that directly emit pulses with as little as only two optical cycles at FWHM of the envelope. We are simultaneously pushing both competing approaches to investigate their corresponding pros and cons at the highest performance level. On the HCF side, we demonstrated transmission efficiencies between 70-80{\%} for several meter long HCFs enabling single step compression factors \textgreater 30 [1]. Current tests for power scaling are at the level of 50mJ energy for 200fs input pulses or beyond 300W of average power, respectively. For much higher peak powers, the HCF might become impractically long, thus other solutions are desired. Therefore, we developed the approach of frequency domain optical parametric amplification (FOPA) [2]. This concept holds the current world record of IR few-cycle laser sources with an output energy of 30mJ within 2 cycle duration (12fs) at 1.8\textmu m wavelength [3]. We will also discuss prospects and difficulties dealing with half kW (500W) level Yb laser sources as the pump for the FOPA [4]. [1] ``Direct compression of 170-fs 50-cycle pulses down to 1.5 cycles with 70{\%} transmission'', Jeong et al. Scientific reports 8, 11794 (2018). [2] ``Frequency domain optical parametric amplification'', Schmidt et al. Nat. Commun. 5, 3643 (2014) [3] ``2.5 TW, two-cycle IR laser pulses via frequency domain optical parametric amplification'', Gruson et al., Opt. Exp. 25, 27706 (2017). [4] ``Highly stable, 54mJ Yb-InnoSlab laser platform at 0.5 kW average power'', Schmidt et al., Opt. Exp. 25, 17549 (2017). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 11:00AM - 11:30AM |
P03.00002: Nonlinear optical effects in all-bulk multipass cells and their applications Invited Speaker: Oleg Pronin Nonlinear optical phenomena involving ultrashort pulses such as spectral broadening, soliton self-compression and soliton Raman self-frequency shifting (SRSFS) are usually realized in solid-core photonic crystal, gas-filled photonic bandgap or hollow-core fibers. Implementations of these nonlinear effects strongly rely on extended propagation which, until recently, was only possible in fibers. A new method based on propagation in a periodic quasi-waveguide structure comprised of focusing elements and nonlinear media was lately demonstrated. Practically the scheme is realized by placing a nonlinear medium such as an anti-reflection coated fused silica plate inside a Herriott-type multi-pass cell (HC). In contrast to fibers, the sign of the overall net dispersion and its profile, including higher order dispersion terms, can be readily engineered by dielectric coatings tailored for the application. We show that this dispersion engineering enables the experimental demonstration of pure SPM spectral broadening, SRSFS and soliton self-compression. As main driving laser sources we use 100~W-level Kerr-lens mode-locked thin-disk Yb:YAG oscillators operating at 1030~nm central wavelength, 5-15~microjoules pulse energies and 200-300~fs pulse durations. For example, spectral broadening and subsequent pulse compression by means of dispersive mirrors in several HCs stages results in sub-15~fs pulses. Alternatively, self-compression of 300~fs pulses down to 30~fs is possible inside a single HC stage adjusted for a slightly negative net group delay dispersion. Additionally, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, SRSFS at high-energy (over 1~microjoule) is demonstrated. Generally, the overall losses strongly depend on the magnitude of the spectral broadening and are usually in the 5-30 percent range. HCs are known for being insensitive to the input laser beam pointing and for preserving this beam pointing at the output. These properties in combination with the dispersion engineering make this new method of exploring nonlinear phenomena highly interesting for research and industrial applications. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 11:30AM - 12:00PM |
P03.00003: Dynamics from data with extreme timing uncertainty Invited Speaker: Abbas Ourmazd Accurate dynamical information is available far beyond the timing uncertainty of individual snapshots. It is thus possible to recover information on the single-femtosecond timescale from experimental data recorded with 300fs timing uncertainty. In fact, it is interesting to ask whether any timing information is needed to understand the changes associated with dynamical events. Of course, nothing is for free. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 12:00PM - 12:30PM |
P03.00004: Wave mixing with attosecond pulses: Multidimensional and transient grating spectroscopies Invited Speaker: Hugo J.B. Marroux By combining weak attosecond pulses with strong few-cycle NIR pulses, the emission of four- wave mixing signal fields in the extreme ultraviolet are observed in the laboratory. This development allows multiple avenues of atomic and molecular dynamics investigations to be pursued with background free sensitivity.\\ \\ A multidimensional technique is developed to retrieve single state dynamics of Rydberg states of atomic argon, whereas complex superposition states are formed by the large bandwidth attosecond pulses. This four-wave mixing based technique utilizes a pulse shaper that imposes a tunable narrow band phase and amplitude modulation on the NIR spectrum. The new NIR energy axis permits the separation of the various field emissions, as made evident by the elimination of quantum beats in the time evolution.\\ \\ Five orders of XUV wave mixing emission, corresponding to four- through twelve-wave mixing pathways, are observed within a noncollinear geometry in helium gas. In this excitation regime, wave-mixing emission is observed at the energies of light-induced states as well as the 1snp resonant states. Systematic few-femtosecond delays are observed between the various orders of emission signals. The emission delays and the signal scaling are successfully interpreted with the accumulation of a phase grating arising from the AC stark shift.\\ \\ In collaboration with: Ashley P. Fidler, Seth J. Camp, Erika R. Warrick, Etienne Bloch, Daniel M. Neumark, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde & Stephen R. Leone [Preview Abstract] |
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