Bulletin of the American Physical Society
50th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics APS Meeting
Volume 64, Number 4
Monday–Friday, May 27–31, 2019; Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Session N04: Quantum Sensing and Trapped Nanoparticles |
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Chair: Swati Singh, University of Delaware Room: Wisconsin Center 102AB |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
N04.00001: Rotation Sensing with Trapped Ions Adam West, Randy Putnam, Wes Campbell, Paul Hamilton We report on work towards realizing a precision rotation sensor with a single trapped $^{138}{\rm Ba}^+$ ion [1], building on the recently-developed technique of spin-dependent kicks (SDKs) [2,3] with a novel scheme based on a Zeeman qubit. We have demonstrated single-qubit manipulations in the ground state manifold of $^{138}{\rm Ba}^+$, using a picosecond pulsed laser to drive Raman transitions, 44~THz detuned, with Rabi frequencies up to ${\sim}100$~kHz. We also report on recent progress on using the same system to effect spin-motion entanglement. Demonstrating such entanglement will quickly enable free-oscillation interferometry with ultracold trapped ions. Anticipated rotation sensing precision will be competitive with commercial rotation sensors. Implementation of SDKs with Zeeman levels in $^{138}$Ba may also provide a versatile technique of achieving large momentum transfer that could be broadly applicable to matter-wave interferometery.\\ \\References: \\ \\ $[1]$W. C. Campbell and P. Hamilton, J. Phys. B 50, 064002 (2017)\newline \\$[2]$J. Mizrahi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 203001 (2013)\newline \\$[3]$Jaffe et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 040402 (2018) [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
N04.00002: Characterization of precise force sensing by optically-levitated microspheres Akio Kawasaki, Alexander D Rider, Charles P Blakemore, Nadav Priel, Alexander Fieguth, Sandip Roy, Giorgio Gratta Optically levitated micro- and nano-spheres have been used for various purposes from a precise force sensor to a quantum mechanical superposition in mesoscopic systems. We have constructed a novel system to trap a 2.4 $\mu$m radius microsphere by a single upward-propagating laser beam. Position sensing based on interferometry enables us to apply feedback cooling and detect the microsphere position with a single trapping beam. We present the characterization of a precision force sensor with force sensitivity of $\sim10^{-17}$ N/$\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ for all of the three translational degrees of freedom. This force sensor is a promising system for the search for non-Newtonian gravity at the distance scale of 1-100 $\mu$m range. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
N04.00003: Spinning optically-levitated microspheres by rotating electric fields. Nadav Priel, Alexander D. Rider, Charles P. Blakemore, Akio Kawasaki, Alexander Feiguth, Sandip Roy, Giorgio Gratta Precise control of the translational and rotational as well as charge degrees of freedom of optically levitated microspheres have seen significant developments in past years. We demonstrate the controlled spinning of neutral, 2.4um radius microspheres using interaction between the residual electric dipole moment and a rotating electric field generated by electrodes surrounding the trap. The microspheres are trapped by a single, upward-propagating laser beam and the angular velocity can be arbitrarily set by the driving electric field. Damping of the rotation and drag due to the residual gas, wobbling of the electric dipole moment along the rotating direction of the electric field and precession induced by changing the direction of the rotating field have all been observed and match the expectations from classical mechanics. The technique extends the set of degrees of freedom that can be controlled in such a system and will be used to measure and suppress background forces of electrostatic nature in short distance gravity measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
N04.00004: Dynamics of a Ferromagnetic Particle Levitated Over a Superconductor Derek Jackson Kimball, Tao Wang, Sean Lourette, Sean O'Kelley, Metin Kayci, Yehuda Band, Alexander Sushkov, Dmitry Budker Under conditions where the angular momentum of a ferromagnetic needle is dominated by intrinsic spin, an applied torque is predicted to cause gyroscopic precession of the needle [Kimball, Sushkov, and Budker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 190801 (2016)]. If the needle can be sufficiently isolated from the environment, a measurement of the precession can yield sensitivity to torques far beyond that of other systems (such as atomic magnetometers) [Band, Avishai, and Shnirman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 160801 (2018)]. The high sensitivity is a result of rapid averaging of quantum noise. A key enabling technology for a precessing-needle-based torque sensor is a method of near frictionless suspension. One approach is to levitate a ferromagnetic needle above a superconductor. With this goal in mind, we have experimentally investigated the dynamics of a micron-scale ferromagnetic particle levitated above a superconducting niobium surface [Wang et al., arXiv:1810.08748 (2018)]. The phenomenon of ferromagnetic needle precession may be of particular interest for precision measurements testing fundamental physics. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
N04.00005: High frequency gravitational wave detection with levitated nano objects. george winstone, Nancy Aggarwal, Shane Larson, Vicky Kalogera, Andrew Geraci We present updated theoretical results for detecting gravitational waves with a levitated nano object optically suspended within a cavity as a complementary instrument to experiments like LIGO. Our experimental proposal is designed to detect gravitational waves in the 10's to 100's of Kilohertz bandwidth on a tabletop scale. The planned experimental setup is detailed and several optimizations to the proposal are outlined. Finally, the proposal is placed within the context of newly analysed predicted sources within such a frequency band. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
N04.00006: Intra-Hyperfine AC Zeeman Force on an Atom Chip Andrew Rotunno, Shuangli Du, Seth Aubin The AC Zeeman (ACZ) force is a resonant, bipolar, spin state-dependent force for neutral atoms, making it a key ingredient for spin-specific trapping and spin-dependent trapped atom interferometry. Trapped atom interferometers allow for long interrogation times, spatially localized measurements, and offer the possibility of investigating both sub-mm gravity and surface forces (Casimir-Polder), as well as inertial forces. Our current experimental work demonstrates the ACZ force generated by an atom chip's magnetic near-field using RF of a few MHz, driving hyperfine intra-manifold transitions in rubidium. We achieve forces up to 3 times gravity with only 20 mW of RF power. In principle, typically anti-trapped (DC Zeeman) states can be held in an AC Zeeman trap, since the ACZ force is bipolar and can turn any spin state into a strong- or weak-field seeker. Trapping via the ACZ force requires multiple chip wires, where tuning relative phases and power allows positional control over separate spin states, creating separate state-dependent traps with the same RF field. With an eye toward the eventual development of ACZ force traps, we investigate eigenstate mixing over time as a function of power, detuning, and initial state. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
N04.00007: Applications of multipass cells in atomic magnetometers and co-magnetometers. Bo Cai, Chuanpeng Hao, Ziping Xie, Dong Sheng Multipass cells help to improve the magnetometer sensitivity while keeping the small size of the device. By combining anodic bonding and mechanical mold assisted positioning, we developed a way to produce standardized atomic vapor cells containing Herriott multipass cavities, which are used together with 3D printed platforms without the need of optical adjustments. We applied such cells in the Xe isotopes-Rb co-magnetometer system to improve the Rb magnetometer sensitivity. We further developed a three-mirror Herriott cell, and applied it in vector atomic magnetometers. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
N04.00008: A Transportable Atom Gravimeter in Comparisons of Absolute Gravimeters. Xu Yaoyao, Duan Xiaochun, Cui Jiafeng, Qi Kun, Zhou Minkang, Hu Zhongkun With the rapid development of atom-interferometry-gravity-measurement over the last two decades, atom gravimeters have made high-precious gravity measurements in laboratory environments. Further development of atom gravimeters focuses on integrating the instrument for outdoor applications. Based on the research of our former laboratory-confined atom gravimeters, we have developed the transportable atom gravimeter (TAG). As achieving a sensitivity of 25$\mu $Gal/Hz$^{\mathrm{1/2}}$, we have accomplished the systematic error evaluation, enabling TAG to implement absolute gravity measurements with an accuracy of several $\mu $Gals. To verify the accuracy of TAG, We carried out several comparisons between our transportable atom gravimeter and a falling-corner-cube one (FG5/FG5X) in our cave laboratory. In 2017, we transported TAG over 1000 kilometers to Beijing to participate in the 10th International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters, and obtained the gravity measurement results with an accuracy of 3$\mu $Gal. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
N04.00009: Toward a precision force sensor based on Bloch oscillations of atoms in an optical lattice Robert Niederriter, Chandler Schlupf, Paul Hamilton Precision force sensors have potential for exploring and constraining unknown forces and particles such as dark matter and dark energy candidates [1]. We present progress towards a precision sensor that measures the force on ytterbium atoms suspended in the lattice formed by an optical cavity. The trapped and cooled atoms undergo Bloch oscillations, which causes modulation of the optical lattice at the Bloch frequency. Monitoring the modulation of the cavity transmission provides a continuous force measurement [2]. Using trapped atoms allows long measurement times in a small volume. Continuous measurement enables detection of time-varying forces and reduces sensitivity to vibrations. The atoms for the force sensor are cooled and trapped in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) within the optical cavity, then cooled to the ground state of the optical lattice. [1] P. Hamilton, M. Jaffe, P. Haslinger, Q. Simmons, H. M{\"u}ller, J. Khoury, Science 349, 849 (2015). [2] B. Prasanna Venkatesh, M. Trupke, E. A. Hinds, and D. H. J. O’Dell, Phys. Rev. A 80, 063834 (2009). [Preview Abstract] |
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