Bulletin of the American Physical Society
48th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 62, Number 8
Monday–Friday, June 5–9, 2017; Sacramento, California
Session C6: Sensing and Quantum Interferometry |
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Chair: Ron Walsworth, Harvard University Room: 311-312 |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
C6.00001: Environment-assisted quantum sensing with entangled states of electronic spins in diamond Alexandre Cooper, Won Kyu Calvin Sun, Jean-Christophe Jaskula, Paola Cappellaro Entangled states of spins in solid-state materials have been proposed to enhance the performance of quantum sensors, but their physical realization has been hindered by the difficulty of accessing ensembles of electronic spins that can be initialized, manipulated, and readout with high fidelity. Here we present experimental measurements of time-varying magnetic fields with entangled states of electronic spins associated with a single nitrogen-vacancy center and two paramagnetic centers in diamond. These measurements rely on a series of coherent control techniques to identify unknown quantum systems in the environment of a single quantum probe and convert them into quantum resources available for scaling up quantum systems and achieving improvements in sensitivity. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
C6.00002: Understanding coherence of Nitrogen nuclear spin in NV centers Mo Chen, Won Kyu Calvin Sun, Jean-Christophe Jaskula, Kasturi Saha, Paola Cappellaro The native nitrogen nuclear spin in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center proves a useful resource for quantum information storage and coherent feedback control. However, its T2 coherence time falls much shorter than the T1 relaxation time, due to interactions with the NV electronic spin. NV electronic spin flips due to T1 process, which acts as a random telegraph noise (RTN), dephasing the nitrogen nuclear spin. Here we study this decoherence process, comparing experiments with the RTN model, and show the efficiency of harnessing dynamical decoupling to fight against such noise. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
C6.00003: Characterization and initialization of molecular defects in diamond as a testbed for single-molecule NMR Emma Rosenfeld, Dominik Bucher, Linh Pham, Junghyun Lee, Erik Bauch, Connor Hart, Francesco Casola, Ronald Walsworth Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond enable promising applications in nanoscale magnetic resonance and manipulation of spins. In particular, single-molecule NMR as well as coherent control of individual electronic and nuclear spins on the diamond surface remain long-standing goals in the NV community. Surface physics challenges, such as background spins and strain, are currently prohibitive of such protocols. In this talk, I will discuss progress towards using molecular defects inside the diamond as a testbed for various NMR pulse sequences and quantum information protocols, ultimately as a step towards single molecule NMR and coherent manipulation of spin networks on the diamond surface. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
C6.00004: Nanoscale Spin Radar with Nitrogen Vacancy centers in Diamond YiXiang Liu, Ashok Ajoy, Paola Cappellaro Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as the preeminent platform for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging. The NV center acts a single point dipole that can image the presence of spins in its environment by exploiting the anisotropy of the dipole-dipole Hamiltonian that governs the interactions between the spins. Indeed, the NV center can be pictured to be an antenna with that senses spins with a specific angular sensing ``lobe". In this work, we show this anisotropic interaction can be effectively manipulated by the application of strong pulsed DC magnetic fields. This allows the calibrated rotation of the NV angular sensing lobe, allowing one to tunably scan the space around an NV center, and through it reconstruct the real-space spin density with high spatial resolution. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
C6.00005: Sensing rotationally-induced magnetic fields with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond Alexander Wood, Emmanuel Lilette, Yaakov Fein, Viktor Perunicic, David Simpson, Alastair Stacey, Lloyd Hollenberg, Robert Scholten, Andy Martin The Larmor theorem states that the effects of a uniform magnetic field on a classical magnetic moment are equivalent to rotation of the system about the axis of the field. We use nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a diamond to detect the effective magnetic field generated by physically rotating the host diamond crystal. Rotationally-induced magnetic fields depend on the rotation axis and the magnetic field orientation, and perturb the precession frequency of carbon-13 nuclear spins in the diamond lattice much more strongly than the NV electron spin. We detect the precessing nuclear magnetic dipole field with an ensemble of NV sensors to infer the rotationally-induced field. These results elucidate the profound connection between magnetism and physical rotation, and establish a unique, non-magnetic means of controlling the nuclear spin bath surrounding the NV center. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
C6.00006: Coherent control of single electron spins in levitated optomechanics experiments Robert M. Pettit, Levi P. Neukirch, Yi Zhang, A. Nick Vamivakas We report progress on the coherent manipulation of single electron spins contained within optically levitated nanodiamond in a free-space optical dipole trap. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond provide an ideal platform for room temperature spin manipulation, and are thus well suited for use in optical trapping schemes. Here, we demonstrate coherent control of a single NV center spin at both atmospheric pressure and low vacuum, and show that while the trapping beam reduces the fluorescence emitted by the center, it has no observable effect on the transverse spin coherence time. Furthermore, after an initial exposure to low vacuum, the nanodiamond remains at near room temperatures at all pressures and trapping powers considered in these experiments. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
C6.00007: Path integral treatment of the Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect for pulsed electron matter wave Sam Keramati, Eric Jones, Herman Batelaan Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) anticorrelations for a continuous beam of free electrons were claimed to be observed in 2002 [1]. The recent advent of femtosecond electron pulses has motivated us to pursue the HBT effect for pulsed electron beams with unprecedentedly higher phase space degeneracies. To provide a rigorous theoretical description of this problem, the quantum decoherence of a two-electron pulsed beam upon entanglement with a two-state emitter will be considered first. The two-particle state will then be propagated in space and time toward a detector using Feynman's path integral formalism. Effects of the partial temporal coherence in this system will also be taken into account which is an improvement built on an earlier work published in our group [2]. The method can ultimately be extended to include the Coulomb repulsion along with the Pauli exclusion principle. [1] H. Kiesel, A. Renz, and F. Hasselbach, Nature \textbf{418}, 392 (2002). [2] P. Lougovski, and H. Batelaan, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{84}, 023417 (2011). [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
C6.00008: A novel variation on the SU(1,1) interferometer for phase sensing beyond the standard quantum limit Bonnie L. Schmittberger, Brian E. Anderson, Prasoon Gupta, Travis Horrom, Carla Hermann-Avigliano, Kevin M. Jones, Paul D. Lett The SU(1,1) interferometer is a quantum-enhanced phase measurement device that has gained a recent surge of theoretical interest. An SU(1,1) interferometer replaces the two beam splitters in a Mach-Zehnder with nonlinear optical processes—the first generates squeezed light for phase sensing, and the second recombines the beams for detection. We present a novel phase measurement device that is a variation on the SU(1,1) interferometer but is far simpler to build and operate in practice. Our “truncated SU(1,1) interferometer” removes the second nonlinear interaction but still theoretically achieves the same potential phase sensitivity as the full SU(1,1) interferometer. We demonstrate experimentally that our current device beats the standard quantum limit by approximately 4 dB. This device has applications in precision metrology, where there is a strong interest in reducing the uncertainty on phase measurements while operating at low optical powers. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
C6.00009: Quantum metrology in a multiport linear optical interferometer Wenchao Ge, Michael Foss-Feig, Kurt Jacobs Quantum metrology explores the benefits of quantum coherence and entanglement for making precision measurements. Here we study the ability of a network of beam-splitters and phase shifters (a ``multiport linear optical interferometer") to perform phase metrology using separable input states. Even though such linear networks are able to generate complex entangled states, we show that when each input is an arbitrary Fock state they are not able to achieve Heisenberg scaling in the number of input modes. This result suggests that there is a sense in which linear networks, and more generally linear dynamics, cannot produce metrologically useful entanglement from separable inputs. This result also raises further questions about the nature of the entanglement that can be generated by linear dynamics, and the types of non-classical input states required to generate metrologically useful entanglement. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 6, 2017 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
C6.00010: Initial Phase Dependence of the Sagnac Effect for Matter Waves Martin Kandes, Michael Bromley, Ricardo Carretero We simulate the interference between two counterpropagating matter wave packets confined to a uniformly rotating, circular ring potential in order to study the dynamics of a simple matter wave Sagnac interferometer. Here, we show that the initial phase of the wave packets themselves determines how the Sagnac phase shift accumulates as a function of time. Most interestingly, we find that the phase shift occurs in discrete phase jumps when the wave packets start at rest with respect to the rotating reference frame of the system. [Preview Abstract] |
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