Bulletin of the American Physical Society
47th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 61, Number 8
Monday–Friday, May 23–27, 2016; Providence, Rhode Island
Session C2: DAMOP Thesis Prize SessionInvited
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Chair: Alex Kuzmich, University of Michigan Room: Ballroom B |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 2:00PM - 2:30PM |
C2.00001: Laser cooling atoms to indistinguishability: Atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel interference and entanglement through spin exchange Invited Speaker: Adam Kaufman Motional control of neutral atoms has a rich history and increasingly interest has turned to single-atom control. In my thesis work, we created a platform to individually prepare single bosonic atoms in highly pure quantum states, by developing methods to laser cool single atoms to the vibrational ground state of optical tweezer traps. Applying this toolset, we observe the atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel effect when we arrange for atom tunneling to play the role of a balanced beam splitter between two optical tweezers. In another experiment, we utilize spin exchange to create entanglement, which we then verify after spatially separating the atoms to observe their non-local correlations. Merging these results with our recent demonstration of deterministic loading of atomic arrays, our results establish the concept of quantum gas assembly, which could be applied to a variety of systems ranging from the production of single dipolar molecules to the assembly of low-entropy arrays of atoms. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 2:30PM - 3:00PM |
C2.00002: Test of Lorentz symmetry with trapped ions Invited Speaker: Thaned Pruttivarasin The outcome of an experiment should not depend on the orientation of the apparatus in space. This important cornerstone of physics is deeply engrained into the Standard Model of Physics by requiring that all fields must be Lorentz invariant. However, it is well-known that the Standard Model is incomplete. Some theories conjecture that at the Planck scale Lorentz symmetry might be broken and measurable at experimentally accessible energy scales. Therefore, a search for violation of Lorentz symmetry directly probes physics beyond the Standard model. We present a novel experiment utilizing trapped calcium ions as a direct probe of Lorentz-violation in the electron-photon sector. We monitor the energy between atomic states with different orientations of the electronic wave-functions as they rotate together with the motion of the Earth. This is analogous to the famous Michelson-Morley experiment. To remove magnetic field noise, we perform the experiment with the ions prepared in the decoherence-free states. Our result improves on the most stringent bounds on Lorentz symmetry for electrons by 100 times. The experimental scheme is readily applicable to many ion species, hence opening up paths toward much improved test of Lorentz symmetry in the future. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 3:00PM - 3:30PM |
C2.00003: Artificial gauge fields and topology with ultracold atoms in optical lattices Invited Speaker: Monika Aidesburger Many intriguing condensed matter phenomena such as the integer and fractional quantum Hall effect arise due to the non-trivial topological properties of the underlying system. Synthetic materials that consist of ultracold neutral atoms confined in crystal-like structures using laser beams have the potential to simulate and address the complex questions that arise in this context. In this talk I report on the experimental realization of extremely strong artificial magnetic fields based on laser-assisted tunneling which give rise to topological energy bands. Their properties are characterized by topological invariants - the Chern numbers - which are at the origin of the integer quantum Hall effect. In particular we were able to realize the Hofstadter model for an effective flux 1/4 and determined the Chern number of the lowest energy band through a direct measurement of bulk topological currents. These experimental results pave the way for future studies of interacting topological systems with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, May 24, 2016 3:30PM - 4:00PM |
C2.00004: Topological phases and polaron physics in ultracold quantum gases Invited Speaker: Fabian Grusdt The description of quantum many-body systems poses a formidable theoretical challenge. A seemingly simple problem is the coupling of a single impurity atom to non-interacting Bogoliubov phonons in a surrounding Bose-Einstein condensate. The system can be described by a polaron model at intermediate couplings -- an 80 year problem. The situation has been realized experimentally, but when the impurity mass is small compared to the Boson mass, neither mean-field nor strong-coupling expansions are valid anymore. Now the impurity acts as an exchange particle, mediating phonon-phonon interactions. In this talk I present a semi-analytical solution to the polaron problem. I will show that the approach can be generalized to solve far-from equilibrium polaron problems, too, and elaborate on connections with recent experiments involving ultracold atoms and photons. A completely different class of many-body problems are systems with topological order. In recent years we have seen an uprise of cold-atomic or photonic implementations of artificial gauge fields, providing a corner stone for the realization of topological phases of matter. In the second part of my talk, I will address the challenging problem how non-local topological orders can be detected. It will be demonstrated that many-body topological invariants can be measured, making use of mobile impurities as coherent probes of the highly entangled groundstates. I will discuss Laughlin states and comment on possible realizations using ultracold atoms. [Preview Abstract] |
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