Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2013 Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics and the CAP Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics, Canada
Volume 58, Number 6
Monday–Friday, June 3–7, 2013; Quebec City, Canada
Session U2: Laser Cooling and Optical Trapping |
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Chair: Jacob Roberts, Colorado State University Room: 200B |
Friday, June 7, 2013 10:30AM - 10:42AM |
U2.00001: Precooling optically-trapped $^{87}$Rb atoms via spatially-selective hyperfine pumping Rebekah Ferrier, Jacob Roberts For almost all ultracold atom experiments employing an optical trap loaded from a Magneto-optic trap, the ability to increase both the spatial and phase-space density of the atoms is advantageous either as a starting condition for evaporative cooling or for enabling a sufficient density for other types of experiments. We describe a simple technique that exploits the aspect ratio of the optical trap to selectively optically pump $^{87}$Rb atoms with higher than average energy from their lower to upper hyperfine state. Once in their upper hyperfine state, these atoms can be cooled in the center of the optical trap. By virtue of the atoms' higher-than-average energy, the cooling effectiveness is greater than for an average atom in the gas. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 10:42AM - 10:54AM |
U2.00002: Creation of Arbitrary Optical Potentials for an Atomic Quantum Gas Eric L. Hazlett, Li-Chung Ha, Logan W. Clark, Ulrich Eismann, Cheng Chin Recent progress in high-resolution imaging has proved to be a powerful tool for extracting information about quantum gases. We report our extension of this concept to the ability to imprint arbitrary potentials onto our 2D gas with a resolution of 1 $\mu$m. By using photolithography we can create arbitrary potentials onto the atoms allowing for exotic lattices and special geometric confinements. In particular we can shape our overall trapping potential to eliminate the curvature caused by the conventional dipole traps. Our current progress and future directions will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 10:54AM - 11:06AM |
U2.00003: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Friday, June 7, 2013 11:06AM - 11:18AM |
U2.00004: Robust Digital Holography For Ultracold Atom Trapping Alexander Gaunt, Zoran Hadzibabic We have formulated and experimentally demonstrated an improved algorithm for design of arbitrary two-dimensional holographic traps for ultracold atoms. Our method builds on the best previously available algorithm, MRAF, and improves on it in two ways. First, it allows for creation of holographic atom traps with a well defined background potential. Second, we experimentally show that for creating trapping potentials free of fringing artifacts it is important to go beyond the Fourier approximation in modelling light propagation. To this end, we incorporate full Helmholtz propagation into our calculations. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 11:18AM - 11:30AM |
U2.00005: Magneto-optical trapping of Holmium atoms Jinlu Miao, James Hostetter, Georgios Stratis, Mark Saffman We present the first demonstration of laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping of Holmium atoms. Using the strong $J=15/2 \rightarrow J'=17/2$ transition at 410.5 nm we cool and trap approximately $10^4$ atoms from an effusive beam source. The cooling light is one linewidth red detuned relative to the $F=11 \rightarrow F'=12$ cycling transition. The addition of a repumper driving $F=10 \rightarrow F'=11$ increases the trapped atom number, although the MOT is present without any repump light. Our interest in Ho stems from the fact that it has 128 hyperfine ground states, the largest number of any stable atomic isotope. We plan to use these states for collective encoding of qubit registers and will present progress towards that goal. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
U2.00006: Cooling and long-lived single-site localization of an ion in an optical lattice Alexei Bylinskii, Leon Karpa, Dorian Gangloff, Marko Cetina, Vladan Vuletic We report on localization of a continuously cooled single ion by a one-dimensional optical lattice. The ion is confined in a hybrid trap formed by an optical dipole potential produced by the standing-wave field of an optical cavity and a two-dimensional radio-frequency Paul trap transverse to the cavity axis. A lattice-assisted resolved Raman sideband process cools the ion to energies 20 times lower than the depth of the lattice potential, close to the vibrational ground state. We observe ion localization by measuring its displacement in the presence of a periodically driven electric field parallel to the lattice. We demonstrate full suppression of the driven ion motion due to optical localization to a single lattice site on a time-scale of 100 $\mu$s, which is 100 times longer than the vibrational period of the ion in the lattice site. At a longer time scale of 1 ms, driven motion is suppressed to 50{\%}. The presented system paves the way to the realization of novel experiments studying classical and quantum friction models, and many-body physics with long-range interactions in periodic potentials. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
U2.00007: Parametric feedback cooling of a single atom inside an optical cavity Haytham Chibani, Christian Sames, Christoph Hamsen, Anna-Caroline Eckl, Paul Altin, Tatjana Wilk, Gerhard Rempe When an oscillator is excited at twice its resonance frequency, its phase locks to the drive and its energy increases exponentially. Such parametric energy increase occurs for all phase differences between oscillator and drive, and can therefore be used to determine the mechanical frequency of a trapped atom. However, by appropriately adjusting the phase of the drive, one can as well use parametric modulation to remove energy from the system. Here, we demonstrate parametric feedback cooling of a single atom trapped in an intra-cavity standing wave dipole trap. The interaction strength between the atom and the cavity field, which determines the resonance condition of the coupled system, depends on the atomic position which hence governs the intensity of a transmitted probe beam. The detected photon stream is demodulated at twice the trap frequency, and the extracted amplitude and phase are then used to continuously vary the modulation of the trap intensity to cool the atomic motion. This feedback strategy enabled us to increase the average storage time of an atom in the cavity by a factor of 60 to more than 2 seconds. Moreover, this new cooling method is applicable not only to the radial but also to the axial motion of the atom, which is in our case 2 orders of magnitude faster. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
U2.00008: Sub-Doppler Cooling of Neutral Atoms in a Grating Magneto-Optical Trap J.A. Grover, J. Lee, L.A. Orozco, S.L. Rolston The recent demonstration of a grating magneto-optical trap (GMOT) for $^{87}$Rb presents an advancement in the field of atom traps [1]. The system requires only a single beam and three planar diffraction gratings to form an accessible cloud of cold atoms above the plane of the diffractors. Here we demonstrate further sup-Doppler cooling of the atoms to a temperature of 7.6(0.6) $\mu$K through a multi-stage, far-detuned MOT in conjunction with optical molasses. A decomposition of the electric field into polarization components for this geometry does not yield a mapping onto standard sub-Doppler cooling configurations. With numerical simulations, we find that the polarization composition of the GMOT optical field, which includes both $\sigma$- and $\pi$-polarized light, does indeed produce sub-Doppler temperatures. We also discuss the integrability of the GMOT with an optical nanofiber trap as a step towards creating a hybrid quantum system that couples atoms to superconducting circuits. \\[4pt] [1] M. Vangeleyn \textit{et al}., Opt. Lett. \textbf{35}, 3453 (2010). [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
U2.00009: Integrated Optical Dipole Trap for Cold Neutral Atoms with an Optical Waveguide Coupler J. Lee, D.H. Park, S. Mittal, Y. Meng, M. Dagenais, S.L. Rolston Using an optical waveguide, an integrated optical dipole trap uses two-color (red and blue-detuned) traveling evanescent wave fields for trapping cold neutral atoms. To achieve longitudinal confinement, we propose using an integrated optical waveguide coupler, which provides a potential gradient along the beam propagation direction sufficient to confine atoms. This integrated optical dipole trap can support an atomic ensemble with a large optical depth due to its small mode area. Its quasi-TE$_{0}$ waveguide mode has an advantage over the HE$_{11}$ mode of a nanofiber, with little inhomogeneous Zeeman broadening at the trapping region. The longitudinal confinement eliminates the need for a 1D optical lattice, reducing collisional blockaded atomic loading, potentially producing larger ensembles. The waveguide trap allows for scalability and integrability with nano-fabrication technology. We analyze the potential performance of such integrated atom traps and present current research progress towards a fiber-coupled silicon nitride optical waveguide integrable with atom chips. Work is supported by the ARO Atomtronics MURI. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 7, 2013 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
U2.00010: A high brightness laser-cooled atomic beam for application in high resolution FIB Steinar Wouters, Bas van der Geer, Gijs ten Haaf, Bart Jansen, Peter Mutsaers A new type of high-brightness ion source is under development which employs transverse laser cooling and compression of a thermal atomic rubidium beam, followed by in-field photo-ionization. When attached to a focusing column, this Focused Ion Beam (FIB) has the advantage of supplying a higher current in a smaller spot compared to conventional LMIS-based FIBs, thus increasing both the resolution and the speed of the FIB. Furthermore, different types of ion species can be used, broadening the range of applications of the FIB. Simulations using a 10 cm long laser cooling and compression stage and a realistic ionization and acceleration structure, predict an achievable brightness for $^{87}$Rb$^{+}$ of order 10$^{7}$ A/m$^{2}$ sr eV at an energy spread of less than 1 eV and a current of tens of pA. This would lead to a spot size below 5 nm. Simulations and modeling on the ionization process have led to a better understanding of stochastic heating. Experimental realization of the compact ion source has recently started with the development of an efficient high-flux atom source and a 2D laser cooler and compressor. Progress on simulations and experimental results will be reported. [Preview Abstract] |
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