Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2013 Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics and the CAP Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics, Canada
Volume 58, Number 6
Monday–Friday, June 3–7, 2013; Quebec City, Canada
Session M7: Invited Session: Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics - Current and Future Directions |
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Chair: Svetlana Malinovskaya, Stevens Institute of Technology Room: 303 |
Thursday, June 6, 2013 8:00AM - 8:30AM |
M7.00001: Quantum optics, cavity QED, and quantum optomechanics Invited Speaker: Pierre Meystre Quantum optomechanics provides a universal tool to achieve the quantum control of mechanical motion. It does that in devices spanning a vast range of parameters, with mechanical frequencies from a few Hertz to GHz, and with masses from $10^{-20}$ g to several kilos. Its underlying ideas can be traced back to the study of gravitational wave antennas, quantum optics, cavity QED and laser cooling which, when combined with the recent availability of advanced micromechanical and nanomechanical devices, opens a path to the realization of macroscopic mechanical systems that operate deep in the quantum regime. At the fundamental level this development paves the way to experiments that will lead to a more profound understanding of quantum mechanics; and from the point of view of applications, quantum optomechanical techniques will provide motion and force sensing near the fundamental limit imposed by quantum mechanics (quantum metrology) and significantly expand the toolbox of quantum information science. After a brief summary of key historical developments, the talk will give a broad overview of the current state of the art of quantum optomechanics, and comment on future prospects both in applied and in fundamental science. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 6, 2013 8:30AM - 9:00AM |
M7.00002: Cold atoms and degenerate quantum gases Invited Speaker: Murray Holland There have been many significant advances in the theoretical understanding of quantum gases over the past decade, setting the stage for a variety of potential directions for future research. It is possible using ultracold atoms and crystals of light to explore directly some aspects of the physics that is believed to underpin novel states of condensed matter. There are, however, a number of advantages of using these systems for fundamental study over their condensed matter counterparts. One of the most striking aspects is the macroscopic length scale allowing one to directly observe the atoms with relatively simple imaging systems. Important also is the ability to control and tune the strength and sign of the atom-atom interactions through Feshbach resonances. One has direct access to both bosons and fermions, as well as atoms and molecules. It is feasible to explore a variety of different trapping potential geometries, artificial gauge fields, and effective dimensionality. Long-range anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions can be achieved through ultracold atomic dipolar BECs. Furthermore, atoms can be coupled to optical cavities giving the potential for realizing the collective synchronization of atomic dipoles and superradiant light emission. This rich playing field offers tremendous possibilities for theorists applying techniques from a variety of traditional fields. In this talk, I will discuss the current state of theoretical atomic, molecular, and optical physics in this area of quantum gases, and provide an overview of what I view will be the scientific themes and important trends for the next decade. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 6, 2013 9:00AM - 9:30AM |
M7.00003: Strong-field interactions and ultrafast control Invited Speaker: Kenneth Schafer We give a perspective on recent advances and opportunities in the theory of strong field, attosecond, and ultrafast x-ray physics. These advances are enabled by the development of intense sources that range from the mid-infrared all the way to the x-ray regime, and which have durations down to below 100 attoseconds. They challenge AMO theorists to develop increasingly powerful methods for describing many-electron systems subject to ultrafast and intense electromagnetic fields. We discuss examples including attosecond measurements of electron emission and photon absorption, high-harmonic imaging of chemical dynamics, and multiple photoionization using x-ray lasers. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 6, 2013 9:30AM - 10:00AM |
M7.00004: Correlation Effects in Intense Laser-Atom Processes Invited Speaker: Anthony F. Starace Results for three processes involving interaction of the He atom with an intense, short laser pulse are presented, each of which demonstrates dramatic effects of electron correlations: high-order harmonic generation [1], few-cycle attosecond pulse ionization [2], and few-cycle attosecond pulse ionization plus excitation [3]. Results are obtained by solving the two-active-electron, time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation (TDSE) in its full dimensionality over the laser pulse duration. In cases of ionization, projections of the two-electron wave packet solutions of the TDSE onto correlated eigenstates of the field-free Hamiltonian are carried out. All numerical results are thus essentially exact. For high-order harmonic generation [1], as the laser pulse frequency varies from 4.6 eV to 6.6 eV, the 13th, 11th, and 9th harmonics sequentially become resonant with the isolated 2s2p($^{1}$P) autoionizing state of He, which dramatically enhances these harmonics. For ionization of He to the He$^{+}$(n$=$1) state by an intense few-cycle attosecond pulse [2], asymmetries are found in the differential probability for ionization of electrons parallel and antiparallel to the linear polarization axis of the laser pulse. These asymmetries are greatly enhanced in the vicinity of two-electron doubly-excited (autoionizing) states. For ionization plus excitation of He to He$^{+}$(n$=$2) states by a few-cycle attosecond pulse [3], for most carrier-envelope phases (CEPs) asymmetries in the photoelectron angular distributions have opposite signs for He$^{+}$(2s) and He$^{+}$(2p) and are orders of magnitude larger than for ionization without excitation. All these results demonstrate a crucial role for many-body effects in intense laser-atom interactions.\\[4pt] [1] J.M. Ngoko Djiokap and A.F. Starace, \textit{Phys. Rev. A }\textbf{84}, 013404 (2011).\\[0pt] [2] J.M. Ngoko Djiokap, S.X. Hu, W.-C. Jiang, L.-Y. Peng, and A.F. Starace, \textit{New J. Phys. }\textbf{14}, 095010 (2012).\\[0pt] [3] J.M. Ngoko Djiokap, S.X. Hu, W.-C. Jiang, L.-Y. Peng, and A.F. Starace (submitted). [Preview Abstract] |
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