Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2013 Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics and the CAP Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics, Canada
Volume 58, Number 6
Monday–Friday, June 3–7, 2013; Quebec City, Canada
Session H2: Invited Session: Quantum Control of Atoms and New Nanostructures |
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Chair: Andre Bandrauk, University of Sherbrooke Room: 200B |
Wednesday, June 5, 2013 10:30AM - 11:00AM |
H2.00001: Surface Enhanced Quantum Control Invited Speaker: Chitra Rangan Miniaturization of quantum technologies have led to physics that require the marriage of atomic physics and nanomaterials science. Some of the resulting areas of research are hybrid quantum devices, single-molecule spectroscopies, table-top intense field generators, etc. I will present an area of research that I dub ``Surface-enhanced quantum control'' that is an exciting way of controlling light and nanomatter. By combining the electromagnetic enhancement properties of plasmonic nanomaterials with the modification of the atomic properties, we can achieve an unprecedented level of control over quantum dynamics. I will present examples of surface-enhanced state purification, in which quantum states near metal nanostructures can be rapidly purified by the application of a weak near-resonant control field. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 5, 2013 11:00AM - 11:30AM |
H2.00002: Quantum dots-plasmonics nanostructure hybrid nanosensors Invited Speaker: Ali Hatef Significant research efforts have focused on the investigation of fluorescent nanosensors for optical detection of single chemical and biological molecules with ultra-high sensitivities. The existing approaches for optical detection require the molecules to directly absorb the probe signal or to absorb light to produce fluorescence. These methods not only have their own problems, such as the background interference and scattering properties of the sample, but a common problem is that most molecules are purely refractive and non-absorbing. Recently, quantum dots (QDs)-based fluorescent sensors have attracted considerable interest due to the merits of high signal output and simplicity. This is largely due to the unique properties of QDs such as size-tunable photoluminescence (PL) emission colors, high quantum yields, photo stability and robust chemical stability. According to optical transduction schemes, some of these sensors exploit the Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). Such an energy transfer mechanism occurs when the light energy absorbed by quantum dots (donor) is transferred to a nearby acceptor species, such as an organic fluorophore, another QD, or a metallic nanoparticle via non-radiative means. In this talk we introduce a new generation of nanosensors consisting of a QD and gold nanoparticle (AuNP) hybrid system connected by molecular springs such as double-stranded (ds) DNA. Primarily studies showed that FRET between QDs and AuNPs induced by a laser field (coherent exciton-plasmon coupling) supports a bistability in the SQD- AuNP hybrid system, referred to as bright and dark states based on photoluminescence enhancement and suppression of QDs. In the former case the strong local optical field due to the excitation of AuNPs' surface plasmon resonance act as an optical antenna by increasing the QD's excitation rate, and in the latter case, the AuNP quenches the QD's PL by introducing additional nonradiative channels next to PL. The balance between these two stable states can be controlled by the size, material type, geometry, QD-AuNP interparticle distance, wavelength of optical excitation of fluorescence and the local refractive index of the background materials. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 5, 2013 11:30AM - 12:00PM |
H2.00003: Coherent manipulation of cold cesium atoms in a nanofiber-based two-color dipole trap Invited Speaker: Clement Sayrin We have recently demonstrated a new experimental platform for trapping and optically interfacing laser-cooled cesium atoms~[1,2]. The scheme uses a two-color evanescent field surrounding an optical nanofiber to localize the atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice 200 nm above the nanofiber surface. In order to use this fiber-coupled ensemble of trapped atoms for applications in the context of quantum communication and quantum information processing, non-classical states of the atomic spins have to be prepared and should live long enough to allow one to apply successive quantum operations. However, the close proximity of the trapped atoms to the nanofiber surface and the strong polarization gradients of nanofiber-guided light fields are potentially important sources of decoherence. In this talk, I will present our latest experimental results on characterizing the coherence properties of atomic spins in our nanofiber-based trap. Using a microwave field to drive the cesium clock transition, we determine inhomogeneous and homogeneous dephasing times by Ramsey and spin echo techniques, respectively, and identify the sources of the measured decoherence. Our results constitute the first measurement of the coherence properties of atoms trapped in the vicinity of a nanofiber and represent a fundamental step towards establishing nanofiber-based traps for cold atoms as a building block in quantum networks.\\[4pt] [1] E. Vetsch {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 104}, 203603 (2010).\\[0pt] [2] S. T. Dawkins {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 107}, 243601 (2011). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 5, 2013 12:00PM - 12:30PM |
H2.00004: Trapped Atoms in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Invited Speaker: H. Jeff Kimble I describe one-dimensional photonic crystals that support a guided mode suitable for atom trapping within a unit cell, as well as a second probe mode with strong atom-photon interactions [1]. A new hybrid trap is analyzed that combines optical and Casimir-Polder forces to form stable traps for neutral atoms in dielectric nanostructures. By suitable design of the band structure, the atomic spontaneous emission rate into the probe mode can exceed the rate into all other modes by more than tenfold. The unprecedented single-atom reflectivity $r_0 \simeq 0.9$ for the guided probe field could create new scientific opportunities, including quantum many-body physics for $1D$ atom chains with photon-mediated interactions [2,3] and high-precision studies of vacuum forces. Towards these goals, my colleagues and I are pursuing numerical simulation, device fabrication, and cold-atom experiments with nanoscopic structures [4]. \\[4pt] [1] C.-L. Hung, S. M. Meenehan, D. J. Chang, and H. J. Kimble, arXiv (2013).\\[0pt] [2] D. E. Chang, L. Jiang, A. V. Gorshkov, and H. J. Kimble, \textit{New J. Phys.} \textbf{14}, 063003 (2012).\\[0pt] [3] D. E. Chang, J. I. Cirac, and H. J. Kimble, arXiv:1211.5660.\\[0pt] [4] A. Goban \textit{et al.}, \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{109}, 033603 (2012). [Preview Abstract] |
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