Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2013 Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics and the CAP Division of Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics, Canada
Volume 58, Number 6
Monday–Friday, June 3–7, 2013; Quebec City, Canada
Session B4: Applications of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency |
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Chair: Susanne Yelin, University of Connecticut Room: 204 |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 10:30AM - 10:42AM |
B4.00001: Optical interfacing single molecules with atomic vapor Petr Siyushev, Guilherme Stein, J\"{o}rg Wrachtrup, Ilja Gerhardt Organic molecules at liquid Helium temperatures can constitute high-brightness and narrow-band single photon sources. Thus, they might form an important building block for quantum information processing. A number of quantum optical experiments were conducted with single photon sources based on single molecules. It was shown that it is possible to spectrally detune the molecules, and optical interaction between several molecules could be shown. Another important ingredient for quantum information processing is the implementation of quantum memory. Atomic vapors do not only allow for slowing down light, but also for its storage and can be used as an efficient quantum memory. In the past it was impossible to utilize the high brightness of single molecules in combination with an efficient quantum memory, since the lack of spectral overlap. Here, we present spectral tuning of a single molecule to match the resonance of the sodium D-line. We reach up to $6\times10^5$ detected $30$~MHz narrow-band single photons per second. We are able to slow down near-resonant photons from a single molecule, and simultaneous show its single photon properties. We are further able to explore the properties of atomic vapor for its use as a narrow-band filter for single molecule studies. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 10:42AM - 10:54AM |
B4.00002: Ultra-low background retrieval of photons stored in warm Rb vapor Eden Figueroa, Andreas Neuzner, Tobias Latka, Josef Schupp, Christian Noelleke, Andreas Reiserer, Stephan Ritter, Gerhard Rempe The development of a simple and inexpensive platform for interconnecting light and matter at the quantum level has recently emerged as one of the key challenges of the rapidly evolving field of quantum engineering. Although elementary quantum memory capabilities have been already shown using ensembles of cold atoms or single-atoms in optical cavities, a scalable-friendly architecture might still require room temperature operation. Here we use an ensemble of Rb atoms in the gaseous state and store light pulses at the single-photon level to demonstrate that even in a common vapor cell it is possible to achieve quantum-level operation with ultra-low background noise. We have obtained a measured signal- to-background noise ratio of 3.5, which is the first time this figure of merit has been lifted beyond unity for experiments with room temperature operation. In addition, we also show the capabilities of the system to arbitrarily tailor the temporal properties of the retrieved single-photon-level pulses. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 10:54AM - 11:06AM |
B4.00003: Ladder-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency with Optical Pumping Effect Zong-Syun He, Chin-Chun Tsai, Jyh-Hung Tsai, Yung-Yung Chang, Chi-Chuan Liao This study thoroughly elucidated the relative intensities of the probe transmission in a ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system by considering the optical pumping effect. The observed EIT spectra reveal a different probe or coupling power dependence for various transmission peaks. In addition to causing quantum interference, the probe and coupling laser fields realign the population of Zeeman sub-levels in the ground state through optical pumping. Analytical results indicate that the re-distribution levels failing to contribute to the EIT peaks, either out of transition path or zero transition probability, will significantly affect the transmission intensity. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 11:06AM - 11:18AM |
B4.00004: EIT quantum memory in the presence of four-wave mixing Christopher O'Brien, Nikolai Lauk, Michael Fleischhauer We investigate the effects of four-wave mixing (FWM) in a quantum memory which exploits electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to map a signal field, e.g. a single photon, onto a long-lived collective atomic excitation by adiabatically switching off and on a strong control field. At high optical depths a four-wave mixing process can occur in this scheme, since the control field starts to act on both possible transitions producing a new idler field, which in turn affects the propagation of the signal field. FWM amplifies the signal field but also introduces noise to the signal channel. We use a full quantum mechanical approach to solve the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations in order to determine when FWM is beneficial and when it is detrimental to light storage, in order to estimate FWM's effect on the QM fidelity. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 11:18AM - 11:30AM |
B4.00005: High Storage Efficiency and Large Fractional Delay of EIT-Based Memory Yi-Hsin Chen, Meng-Jung Lee, I-Chung Wang, Shengwang Du, Yong-Fan Chen, Ying-Cheng Chen, Ite A. Yu In long-distance quantum communication and optical quantum computation, an efficient and long-lived quantum memory is an important component. We first experimentally demonstrated that a time-space-reversing method plus the optimum pulse shape can improve the storage efficiency (SE) of light pulses to 78{\%} in cold media based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We obtain a large fractional delay of 74 at 50{\%} SE, which is the best record so far. The measured classical fidelity of the recalled pulse is higher than 90{\%} and nearly independent of the storage time, implying that the optical memory maintains excellent phase coherence. Our results suggest the current result may be readily applied to single-photon quantum states due to quantum nature of the EIT light-matter inference. This study advances the EIT-based quantum memory in practical quantum information applications. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
B4.00006: Frequency Tunable Atomic Magnetometer based on an Atom Interferometer Frank A. Narducci, Danielle A. Braje, Jon P. Davis, Charles L. Adler We theoretically and experimentally study a magnetically sensitive atom interferometer. Using a stationary atom cloud, a time-domain interferometer is formed on magnetically sensitive states of $^{85}$Rb. We show that the temporal spacing of a Raman pulse sequence controls the frequency of the magnetic field detected by the interferometer, thereby potentially eliminating unwanted noise and optimizing detection in frequency bands of interest. We focus on a standard $\pi/2-\pi-\pi/2$ sequence and explore the utility of multiple $\pi$ pulses. \\[4pt] The Lincoln Laboratory portion of this work is sponsored by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research \& Engineering under Air Force Contract \#FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
B4.00007: Transients of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency-Enhanced Cross-Phase Modulation Greg Dmochowski, Amir Feizpour, Matin Hallaji, Chao Zhuang, Alex Hayat, Aephraim Steinberg Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been studied extensively in the context of quantum information for a variety of applications including quantum non demolition measurements and quantum logic gates. Here we show that the response time of the EIT-enhanced nonlinearity is not limited to the inverse window width in the case of a short, pulsed signal field. To investigate the time response of XPM under EIT conditions, we monitor the phase shift of a probe beam in real time as a function of EIT window width for a given pump pulse power and bandwidth using a cloud of magneto-optically trapped rubidium atoms. We find that the rise time of the phase shift is dictated by the pump pulse bandwidth and is independent of the EIT window width, even as the latter becomes narrower than the former. That is, the rise time of XPM is not limited by the EIT window width in the case of a pulsed pump field. Once the pump pulse passes through the atomic medium, the phase shift of the probe beam begins to decay at a rate given by the EIT window width. This suggests that the practical application of EIT-based nonlinearities, which often relies on single photon pulses, is not hindered by the slow rise times that were reported in the case of step responses. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
B4.00008: Atom Localization Beyond the Diffraction Limit Using EIT Jared Miles, Zachary Simmons, Deniz Yavuz The diffraction limit sets a minimum size for regions that can be resolved or addressed using light. We demonstrate an experiment where excitation of atoms to a specific hyperfine level is confined to $\sim$100nm wide bands, about 8 times smaller than the excitation wavelength. The technique uses the nonlinear power dependence of EIT to coherently transfer atoms only near the nodes of a standing wave. Increasing the standing wave intensity can produce vanishingly small low-intensity areas about the nodes and as a result atomic transfer occurs only in very narrow bands. Since regions smaller than the diffraction limit cannot be directly imaged, confirmation of narrowing is provided by an autocorrelation measurement technique. The experiment is performed using $^{87}$Rb atoms trapped in an optical dipole trap and utilizes $\sim$100ns EIT pulses. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
B4.00009: Vector Electrometry using Rydberg Atom Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Jonathon Sedlacek, Harald K\"{u}bler, James Shaffer We report on our efforts to develop an atomic standard for microwave electric fields. Our approach to microwave electrometry uses Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and can be used to both sense microwave polarization and electric field amplitude. Microwaves couple two closely spaced Rydberg states, which have high transition dipole moments. By measuring the Autler-Townes splitting caused by the microwaves the amplitude of the electric field is measured. The polarization of the microwaves is measured by detecting differences in the lineshapes as the EIT laser polarizations are rotated. The changes in lineshape result from the weighting of different 3- and 4-level pathways available to the system as the laser polarizations vary. The experiments take place in a vapor cell, which can be miniaturized to study near field effects of microwaves or create a portable microwave electric field standard. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, June 4, 2013 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
B4.00010: Autler-Townes Spectroscopy and Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Superconducting Qubit J.E. Robinson, S. Novikov, Z.K. Keane, B. Suri, F.C. Wellstood, B.S. Palmer We examine the results from a multi-tone microwave measurement in a transmon qubit, which consists of a capacitively shunted Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junction, coupled to a 3D cavity. The system exhibits an Autler-Townes (AT) splitting, as expected from the dressed atom picture, similar to previous results.\footnote{M. Baur, et al. {\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 102}, 243602 (2009).}$^,$\footnote{Mika A. Sillanp\"{a}\"{a}, et al. {\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 103}, 193601 (2009).} The system shows a clean AT spectrum, in which we can show the effect of detuning on the generalized Rabi frequency of the system. We also investigate the requirements for a crossover from an AT doublet to an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signal, as they relate to the limitations of our device. The coherence of our device suggests that we might be able to see a definitive EIT signature. We propose a measurement of EIT in variables that are more natural to superconducting systems, and discuss the implications of realizing EIT in superconducting qubits. [Preview Abstract] |
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