Bulletin of the American Physical Society
41st Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 55, Number 5
Tuesday–Saturday, May 25–29, 2010; Houston, Texas
Session L3: Quantum Entanglement of Simple Systems |
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Chair: Boris Blinov, University of Washington Room: Imperial West |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 2:00PM - 2:30PM |
L3.00001: Rydberg blockade schemes for entanglement of atoms and light Invited Speaker: Exciting two nearby atoms from their ground states to Rydberg excited states induces a 10-12 order magnitude increase in their mutual dipolar interaction. This controllable interaction provides a promising basis for quantum computing with neutral atoms. In this presentation we will describe a number of proposals for generation of entanglement assuming the use of Rydberg interactions in atomic ensembles. We will show that even without the ability to address individual atoms it is possible to produce a variety of entangled atomic states, it is possible to perform quantum computing with collectively stored quantum bits, and it is possible to use the atomic ensembles as deterministic, directional sources of single photons and multi-photon non-classical states of light. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 2:30PM - 3:00PM |
L3.00002: Trapped ions: A precise toolbox for quantum engineers Invited Speaker: This talk will give an overview of recent work in quantum engineering with trapped ions and the exciting prospects that steady progress in this field has opened up for future research. Internal states of trapped ions have remarkable quantum coherence that lies at the heart of both the currently most precise atomic clocks and their excellent suitability as the physical keepers of quantum information. The ions' charge offers a strong handle to confine them in deep trapping potentials for very long times and to move them and manipulate their quantum state of motion with great precision. Most importantly, Coulomb coupling between several ions is utilized for high quality quantum logic gates and for producing entangled quantum states of unprecedented complexity. Optical transitions efficiently couple trapped ions to the electromagnetic vacuum that provides an almost perfect entropy sink. This enables precise initialization of internal and motional degrees of freedom without the need for low temperature experiments. The unique combination of features of trapped ions has recently led to advances in several fields, especially in quantum information processing and precision tests of fundamental physics. Perhaps most notably, it has spawned a multitude of novel experimental techniques that could also be leveraged (for example) towards quantum-enabled sensors, quantum simulation, novel spectroscopy methods, cavity QED with ions, coupling atomic physics systems to solid-state systems and the quantum coherence of well isolated mesoscopic systems. All these possibilities have in common that they expand our ability to control the quantum world. If history is any guide, such expanded abilities might well lead to more, possibly unforeseen applications and intriguing insights into some of the most fundamental questions. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 3:00PM - 3:30PM |
L3.00003: Quantum Simulation of Frustrated Ising Spins with Trapped Ions Invited Speaker: We experimentally simulate the quantum Ising spin model with a transverse field using a collection of trapped atomic 171Yb+ ions [1,2]. The spins are initially polarized along a transverse effective magnetic field. The Ising interactions are switched on, while the transverse field adiabatically reduced. The state of each spin is measured through state-dependent fluorescence. The resulting ground-state spin order depends upon the signs and strengths of the long-range Ising couplings, which are precisely controlled through the detuning of bichromatic Raman laser beams from the motional modes [3,4]. In cases where the interactions are frustrated, we observe a higher level of degeneracy in the ground state and directly show that an extra degree of entanglement emerges. Because the interaction is mediated through closely-spaced transverse modes of motion, this system is scalable to much larger numbers of spins where classical simulations of the Ising model are intractable. This work is supported by the Army Research Office (ARO) with funds from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator (OLE) Program, IARPA under ARO contract, the NSF Physics at the Information Frontier Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI. \\[4pt] [1] D. Porras, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 207901 (2004). \\[0pt] [2] A. Friedenauer, et al., Nature Physics 4, 757 (2008). \\[0pt] [3] K. M{\o}lmer and A. S{\o}rensen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1835 (1999); G. J. Milburn, et al., Fortschr. Phys. 48, 801 (2000). \\[0pt] [4] K. Kim, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 120502 (2009). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 3:30PM - 4:00PM |
L3.00004: Quantum Chaos and Entanglement in Atomic Spin Systems Invited Speaker: Chaotic behavior is widespread in nature and plays a role in many scientific disciplines. In classical physics, chaos is characterized by hypersensitivity of the evolution to initial conditions (the ``butterfly effect''). Remarkably, this definition is fundamentally at odds with quantum mechanics, in part due to the uncertainty principle and in part due to the Schr\"{o}dinger equation which preserves the overlap between quantum states. This disconnect has motivated a longstanding search for quantum signatures of chaos, including dynamical signatures such as the generation of entropy and entanglement. I will discuss an experiment [1] in which we realize a common paradigm for quantum chaos - the quantum kicked top - and observe its behavior directly in quantum phase space. Our system is based on the combined electronic and nuclear spin of a single Cs atom and is therefore deep in the quantum regime. We nevertheless find good correspondence between the quantum dynamics and classical phase space structures, and obtain the first experimental evidence for dynamical entanglement as a signature of chaos.\\[4pt] [1] ``Quantum signatures of chaos in a kicked top'', S. Chaudhury et al., Nature Vol. 461, 768 (2009). [Preview Abstract] |
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