Bulletin of the American Physical Society
41st Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 55, Number 5
Tuesday–Saturday, May 25–29, 2010; Houston, Texas
Session J1: Novel Probes of Ultracold Atom Gases |
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Chair: David Weiss, Pennsylvania State University Room: Imperial East |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 8:00AM - 8:30AM |
J1.00001: Quantum Microscopy of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices Invited Speaker: We report a new scheme to realize an atom-based quantum Microscope. The scheme is based on probing the target atoms with a different species of atoms; each species is confined in an independently controlled optical lattice. Precise and dynamic translations of the lattices are realized by common optics and phase modulation of the lattice beams. For this purpose, we have fabricated two highly stable, hexagonal optical lattices, at two different wavelengths, but identical lattice constants using diffractive optical elements. The relative lattice site instability of $<$ 2 nm permits controlled interactions and even entanglement operations with high fidelity. Translation of the lattices is realized through a monolithic electro-optic modulator array, capable of moving the lattice smoothly over one lattice site, or rapidly on the order of 100 ns. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 8:30AM - 9:00AM |
J1.00002: Quantum Gas Microscope - A Next Generation Quantum Simulator Invited Speaker: Ultracold atoms give the unique opportunity to experimentally realize and study increasingly complex many-body quantum systems. One approach is to employ large samples of ultracold atoms and, for example, carry out quantum simulations of condensed-matter models. The opposite approach is to assemble quantum information systems with full control over all degrees of freedom, atom by atom, ion by ion. I will present work in which we have created a quantum gas microscope that bridges between these two worlds. Thousands of individual atoms are detected with near-unity fidelity on individual sites of a Hubbard regime optical lattice. In addition, the single site addressability can be used for creating arbitrary potential landscapes and for local atom manipulation. This novel approach opens many new possibilities for quantum simulations and quantum information applications. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 9:00AM - 9:30AM |
J1.00003: RF spectra of lattice bosons: a probe of correlations, fluctuations, and quantum criticality Invited Speaker: We present a quantitative analysis of RF spectra of bosons in an optical lattice. We show that such spectra are an extremely powerful probe. Starting from an analysis of the 87Rb experiments of Campbell et al. [Science 313, p649 (2006)] we give a detailed description of what one learns from RF spectroscopy. In a system like 87Rb, where the clock shift is extremely small, the spectra give a histogram of the density and can be used to detect Mott shells. In a more strongly interacting system the spectra become more complicated -- for example even a homogeneous superfluid sufficiently close to the superfluid-Mott phase transition will present a bimodal spectrum. We give a physical picture of this bimodality, and show how it is indicative of the correlations which develop in the gas as it approaches the phase transition. These two limiting behaviors correspond to those found in two prior theoretical approaches (based on single-particle spectra and sum rules), each of which emerges in some limit of our calculation. We derive the criterion for the crossover between them and provide a physical picture that is likely to generalize to other physical systems. Going beyond this zero-temperature calculation, we discuss finite temperatures, where thermal fluctuations also lead to a bimodal spectrum. Finally, we describe the universal structure of the RF spectra in the quantum critical regime, where both quantum and thermal fluctuations are important. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 27, 2010 9:30AM - 10:00AM |
J1.00004: Algorithms deducing thermodynamic and quantum critical properties of homogenous bulk systems from the data of trapped gases Invited Speaker: The goal of Quantum Simulation -- i.e. using cold atoms to simulate quantum many- body systems -- is to find out the properties of bulk homogeneous systems. Cold-gas experiments, however, are carried out in spatially inhomogeneous confining traps, which leads inevitably to different phases in the sample. This makes it difficult to deduce the properties of homogeneous phases with standard density imaging, which averages over different phases. Moreover, important properties like superfluid density are inaccessible by standard imaging techniques, and will remain inaccessible even when systems of interest are successfully simulated. Here, we present algorithms for mapping out a number of properties of homogeneous systems, including superfluid density. In addition, we present algorithms to determine the emergence and the details of quantum critical properties. Our schemes make explicit use of the inhomogeneity of the trap, turning the source of difficulty into a means of constructing solutions. [Preview Abstract] |
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