Bulletin of the American Physical Society
38th Annual Meeting of the Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Volume 52, Number 7
Tuesday–Saturday, June 5–9, 2007; Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Session Q6: Quantum States of Light |
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Chair: A. Lvovsky, University of Calgary Room: TELUS Convention Centre Olde Scotch Room |
Friday, June 8, 2007 1:30PM - 1:42PM |
Q6.00001: Deterministic Single Photons via Conditional Quantum Evolution C.J. Campbell, D.N. Matsukevich, T. Chaneliere, S.D. Jenkins, S.-Y. Lan, T.A.B. Kennedy, A. Kuzmich A source of deterministic single photons is proposed and demonstrated by the application of a measurement-based feedback protocol to a heralded single-photon source consisting of an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms. Our source is stationary and produces a photoelectric detection record with sub-Poissonian statistics. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 1:42PM - 1:54PM |
Q6.00002: Polarization Squeezing in Atomic Rubidium Vapour Geoff Campbell, Chris Healey, Jurgen Appel, Karl-Peter Marzlin, Alex Lvovsky Recently there has been debate regarding the possibility of using polarization self-rotation (PSR) in a thermal vapour cell as a mechanism for generating a squeezed vacuum state [1,2]. It has been claimed that the squeezing produced by this method is overwhelmed by atomic noise in the thermal vapour [2]. We present a new experimental study on the possibility to generate squeezing in this system and theoretical results that highlight the importance of the atomic ground state decoherence. \newline \newline [1] J. Ries, B. Brezger and A. I. Lvovsky, Pys. Rev. A 68, 025801 (2003). \newline [2] M. T. L. Hsu, G. Hetet, A. Peng, C. C. Harb, H.-A. Bachor, M. T. Johnsson, J. J. Hope, P. K. Lam, A. Dantan, J. Cviklinski, A. Bramati and M. Pinard, Phys. Rev. A 73, 023806 (2006). [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
Q6.00003: A General Linear-Optical Quantum State Generator Dmitry Uskov, Nickolas VanMeter, Pavel Lougovski, Jonathan Dowling We introduce a notion of a linear-optical quantum state generator. This is a device that prepares a desired quantum state using product inputs from photon sources, linear-optical networks, and post-selection using photon counters. We show that this device can be concisely described in terms of polynomial equations and unitary constraints. We illustrate the power of this language by applying the Groebner-basis technique along with the notion of vacuum extensions to solve the problem of how to construct a quantum state generator analytically for any desired state, and use methods of convex optimization to identify success probabilities. In particular, we disprove a conjecture concerning the preparation of the maximally path-entangled NOON-state by providing a counterexample using these methods, and we derive a new upper bound on the resources required for NOON-state generation. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
Q6.00004: Semiconductor Waveguides for Correlated Photon Generation Daniel Rogers, Joshua Bienfang, Julius Goldhar, Christopher Richardson, Carl Williams, Charles Clark The next generation of quantum cryptography will benefit from a fast and practical source of entangled photon pairs. Current methods of generating entangled photon pairs, whether in nonlinear crystals or exotic microstructure optical fibers, pose significant challenges to integration into fieldable quantum communications systems. In order to meet the demands of speed and practicality, nonlinearities in semiconductor waveguides are being investigated as sources of correlated and ultimately entangled photons. These devices offer the advantages of having a fast nonlinear response and being able to couple to standard optical fibers. We investigate the feasibility of using a bulk AlGaAs waveguide and birefringent phase matching to generate correlated photon pairs compatible with silicon detectors. This source is potentially useful for free-space and fiber-optic quantum key distribution, as well many other applications such as correlated photon metrology and squeezing experiments. We consider the effects of loss and two-photon absorption and show that birefringent phase matching has significant advantages over tailored group velocity dispersion in filtering and Raman noise suppression. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 2:18PM - 2:30PM |
Q6.00005: Optical entanglement by frequency upconversion Mark Saffman, Oo-Kaw Lim We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that continuous variable entangled light beams can be created by frequency upconversion. The experiment uses a cavity which has two output ports for the second harmonic. The two ouput beams share a common pump beam which serves to create correlations between the beams. We demonstrate the presence of these correlations by showing that the measured non-classical intensity correlation is larger than the amplitude squeezing of each beam. We also demonstrate experimentally that the beams are inseparable according to the criterion of Duan, Giedcke, Cirac, and Zoller. We expect that this new approach to entanglement generation may be useful for experiments in quantum enhanced lithography. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 2:30PM - 2:42PM |
Q6.00006: Electronic Noise in Optical homodyne Tomography Dallas Hoffman, Jurgen Appel, Eden Figueroa, Alex Lvovsky In experiments on homodyne tomography of light, the electronic noise of the detector often prevents the observation of the fine details of the quantum state's marginal distributions. We have shown that the noise contribution from the detector can be modeled by an equivalent inefficiency arising due to optical loss. We confirm this result using a non-classical squeezed light produced with an optical parametric amplifier. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 2:42PM - 2:54PM |
Q6.00007: Quantum states for Heisenberg limited interferometry Hermann Uys, Pierre Meystre An important aspect of quantum metrology is the engineering of quantum states with which to achieve Heisenberg limited measurement precision. In this limit the measurement uncertainty is inversely proportional to the number of interfering particles, $N$, a $1/\sqrt{N}$ improvement over the standad quantum limit. We have used numerical global optimization strategies to systematically search for quantum interferometer input states that achieve Heisenberg limited uncertainty in estimates of the interferometer phase shift. We compare the performance of candidates so obtained with that of non-classical states already known to yield Heisenberg limited uncertainty. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 2:54PM - 3:06PM |
Q6.00008: Multipartite squeezed states as SU(1, 1) coherent states Zahra Shaterzadeh Yazdi, Peter S. Turner, Barry C. Sanders One goal of quantum information science is quantum information processing using complex quantum optical networks comprising passive and active linear optical elements, such as beam splitters and squeezers. Such a network can be described mathematically as a Sp(2n, R) transformation on n modes, which corresponds to mappings that preserve Gaussian states. Recently tripartite squeezed states have been produced experimentally and are quite useful for quantum information tasks such as quantum state sharing and quantum teleportation. We have developed a theoretical framework for three-boson realizations of SU(1, 1) and characterized all squeezed states of this type as SU(1, 1) coherent states. Inspired by the elegance of this theory, we generalize it to multi-boson realizations of SU(1, 1) that characterize any multiport linear optical system constructed from a two-mode squeezer and several passive elements, or by concatenating such multiport systems to each other. Thus, this theory gives us new insight into the properties of multipartite squeezed states generated in any complex optical network with concatenated sections each with one two-mode squeezer. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
Q6.00009: Quantum analysis of a Nonlinear Beam splitter: third-order nonlinearity. Hari Prakash, Devendra Kumar Mishra A linear beam splitter mixes two input modes having annihilation operators, say $\hat {a}$ and $\hat {b}$, to generate two output modes having annihilation operators, say, $\hat {c}$ and $\hat {d}$. It is common to write $\hat {c}=t\hat {a}+ir\hat {b}$, $\hat {d}=t\hat {b}+ir\hat {a}$, where the real constants t and r denote coefficients of transmission and reflection, respectively, and t$^{2}$ + r$^{2}$ = 1. We generalize the linear beam splitter input-output relations to include third-order nonlinearity and show that the nonlinear terms can give non-classical outputs with classical inputs. We study generation of squeezing and sub-Poissonian statistics for coherent light inputs. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 3:18PM - 3:30PM |
Q6.00010: Detecting hidden differences via permutation symmetries Peter Turner, Rob Adamson, Morgan Mitchell, Aephraim Steinberg We present a method for describing and characterizing the state of N experimentally indistinguishable particles, that is to say particles that cannot be individually addressed due to experimental limitations. The technique relies upon a correct treatment of the exchange symmetry of the state among experimentally accessible and experimentally inaccessible degrees of freedom. Our technique is of direct relevance to ongoing experiments in quantum optics, for which we provide a specific implementation. [Preview Abstract] |
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