Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 5
Saturday–Tuesday, April 17–20, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session G10: Neutrino Astronomy: Neutrino AstronomyLive
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Sponsoring Units: DAP Chair: John Krizmanic, Univ. of Maryland |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 8:30AM - 8:42AM Live |
G10.00001: Neutrinos produced via espresso and stochastic acceleration in AGN jets Rostom Mbarek, Damiano Caprioli, Kohta Murase We propagate particles in a 3D magnetohydrodynamical simulation of a relativistic jet to investigate the espresso mechanism, a one-shot reacceleration of lower-energy cosmic rays that may lead to the production of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in active galactic nuclei. We find spectra, chemical composition, and anisotropy consistent with UHECR phenomenology. In this work, we also include UHECR diffusion, photodisintegration, and neutrino production. Initially, we include sub-grid scattering to account for small scale magnetic fluctuations to test for the relative importance of espresso and stochastic acceleration. Then, we study high-energy neutrino production, taking into account the effects of external photon fields, and incorporate the effects of photodisintegration and the production of secondary particles. We find that the scattering rate increases the acceleration efficiency of lower-energy particles up to a factor of $\sim 10^4$ and flattens the spectrum of escaping particles. However, the highest-energy particles are still espresso-accelerated even for Bohm diffusion. The neutrino spectrum we obtain is compared with IceCube's observed flux. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 8:42AM - 8:54AM Live |
G10.00002: Studying the AGN Radio and Neutrino Correlation Abhishek Desai Neutrinos travel nearly unattenuated over cosmological distances making them an excellent messenger to study high-energy processes occurring in the universe. IceCube, the world's largest and most sensitive astrophysical neutrino detector, reported a high-energy neutrino event on 22 September 2017 which was found to be coincident with a flaring blazar, TXS 0506+056. This first multi-messenger observation hinted at blazars being sources of observed astrophysical neutrinos and raised a need for extensive correlation studies to properly understand which blazars are neutrino sources. Here, we present a correlation analysis between 15 GHz radio observations of active galactic nuclei reported in the MOJAVE XV catalog and IceCube detector data. We also discuss the implications of this analysis on the future of understanding the sources of astrophysical neutrinos using multi-messenger studies. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 8:54AM - 9:06AM Live |
G10.00003: Searches for Neutrinos from the Galactic Center Region Using IceCube Xinyue Kang, Naoko Kurahashi Neilson The Galactic Center (GC) region has long been subject to intense astrophysics interest. A strong radio source has been detected and identified as the super-massive black hole, Sgr. A* at the GC. The dynamics of the GC region (within 300 parsecs) is largely affected by Sgr. A*. Many interesting phenomena, including supernova remnants, high-mass X ray binaries, pulsar wind nebulae, and etc., can be found in this region. These phenomena are thought to emit high energy neutrinos, and the close proximity increases the likelihood of detection. IceCube, a neutrino detector at the geographic south pole, could see these neutrinos if the emission is strong enough. However, because this region is in a less sensitive part of the sky for IceCube, a dedicated data set can be created optimizing sensitivity at this location. In this talk, we present on a binned analysis using high energy track events, and progress towards a more advanced event selection using machine learning methods with IceCube data. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 9:06AM - 9:18AM Live |
G10.00004: Results from an IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from X-ray Binaries Qinrui Liu, Ali Kheirandish X-ray binaries are one of the long-standing candidates as the source of Galactic cosmic rays and neutrinos. The compact object in a binary system can be the site for cosmic-ray acceleration, while interactions of cosmic rays can happen in the jet of the compact object, the wind, or the companion star’s atmosphere, which produce high-energy neutrinos. I will talk about a comprehensive study of TeV-scale neutrinos from high-mass and low-mass X-ray binaries conducted by IceCube using muon data. In the absence of significant correlation, we place upper limits on the neutrino fluxes from these sources and provide a comparison with theoretical predictions. Finally, I will present the detectability of X-ray binaries in IceCube-Gen2. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 9:18AM - 9:30AM Live |
G10.00005: IceCube search for neutrinos from compact binary mergers reported by LIGO/Virgo Raamis Hussain, Alex Pizzuto, Justin Vandenbroucke The advent of gravitational wave and neutrino astronomy has led to an exciting era of multi-messenger astronomy. Identifying high-energy neutrino emission from compact binary mergers could shed light on the sources of neutrino emission as well as particle acceleration mechanisms in these compact binary systems. The LIGO-Virgo Collaboration (LVC) recently published its second gravitational wave transients catalog, GWTC-2, with a total of 39 compact binary merger candidates. We summarize results from neutrino follow up searches of all GW events reported in GWTC-1 and GWTC-2 using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 9:30AM - 9:42AM Live |
G10.00006: A Neutral Beam Model for High-energy Neutrino Emission from the Blazar TXS 0506+056 B. Theodore Zhang, Maria Petropoulou, Kohta Murase, Foteini Oikonomou The IceCube collaboration reported a $\sim 3.5\sigma$ excess of neutrino events in the direction of the blazar \txs during a $\sim$6 month period in 2014--2015, as well as the ($\sim3\sigma$) detection of a high-energy muon neutrino during an electromagnetic flare in 2017. We explore the possibility that the 2014--2015 neutrino excess and the 2017 multi-messenger flare are both explained in a common physical framework that relies on the emergence of a relativistic neutral beam in the blazar jet due to interactions of accelerated cosmic rays (CRs) with photons. We demonstrate that the neutral beam model provides an explanation for the 2014--2015 neutrino excess without violating X-ray and $\gamma$-ray constraints, and also yields results consistent with the detection of one high-energy neutrino during the 2017 flare. If both neutrino associations with TXS 05065+056 are real, our model requires that (i) the composition of accelerated CRs is light, with a ratio of helium nuclei to protons $\gtrsim5$, (ii) a luminous external photon field ($\sim 10^{46}$~erg s$^{-1}$) variable (on year-long timescales) is present, and (iii) the CR injection luminosity as well as the properties of the dissipation region (i.e., Lorentz factor, magnetic field, and size) vary on year-long timescales. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 9:42AM - 9:54AM Live |
G10.00007: Constraining the origin of UHECRs and astrophysical neutrinos Marco Muzio, Glennys Farrar, Michael Unger We constrain properties of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray source environments (and potentially astrophysical neutrino sources), including their photon temperature, gas density, size, magnetic field strength and coherence length, using UHECR and neutrino spectra and composition. Some astrophysical source types which are consistent with a common origin of UHECRs and astrophysical neutrinos are presented. Under the common origin hypothesis, this analysis provides a new probe into the validity of hadronic interaction models. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 18, 2021 9:54AM - 10:06AM Live |
G10.00008: Prospects for Identifying Luminous Seyfert Galaxies in Current and Future Neutrino Telescopes Ali Kheirandish, Kohta Murase, Shigeo Kimura Hot AGN coronae of Seyfert galaxies can accelerate cosmic rays, leading to the production of high-energy neutrinos and soft gamma-rays. Their optically thick environments, hidden in gamma-rays, are the promising environment for the flux of high-energy cosmic neutrinos at medium energies. In this talk, we present the high-energy cosmic neutrinos flux from the luminous nearby Seyfert galaxies based on X-ray observations and evaluate their detestability in current and future neutrino telescopes. We present the scenarios identifiable in the current generation of neutrino telescopes and demonstrate that nearby Seyferts are promising targets for the next generation of neutrino telescopes such as KM3Net and IceCube-Gen2. Moreover, we show that stacking searches are going to have sufficient sensitivity to identify the hidden cores of supermassive black holes as the dominant sources of high-energy neutrino emission at medium energy ranges. [Preview Abstract] |
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