Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 5
Saturday–Tuesday, April 5–8, 2014; Savannah, Georgia
Session R14: Tests of Physics Laws |
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Sponsoring Units: GPMFC Room: 102 |
Monday, April 7, 2014 10:45AM - 10:57AM |
R14.00001: Characterizing the Hadronic Weak Interaction with the n-3He Experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source Joshua Hamblen The n-3He experiment aims to measure the hadronic weak interaction in the reaction $\vec{\mbox{n}} + {}^3\mbox{He} \to {}^3\mbox{H} + \mbox{p}$. The correlation between the spin of the incident neutron and the momentum direction of the produced proton violates parity and is a clear signature of the weak force in a reaction that is dominated by the strong interaction. n-3He will take place in the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory upon the completion of the NPDGamma experiment in summer 2014. The objective is to measure the asymmetry to a precision of $10^{-8}$. An overview of the experiment will be given, along with the physics goals, description of the subsystems, and schedule for installation and commissioning. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 10:57AM - 11:09AM |
R14.00002: Testing Lorentz invariance using rotating cryogenic sapphire oscillators Stephen Parker, Moritz Nagel, Evgeny Kovalchuk, Paul Stanwix, Eugene Ivanov, John Hartnett, Achim Peters, Michael Tobar A cryogenic sapphire oscillator exploits the remarkable properties of sapphire dielectric at low temperatures to generate a microwave frequency signal with a fractional frequency stability of parts in 10$^{-16}$ for integration times on the order of hundreds of seconds. We describe an experimental test of Lorentz invariance in electrodynamics that searches for orientation dependent deviations in the speed of light by comparing the frequencies of two actively rotated orthogonally aligned cryogenic sapphire oscillators. Data has been collected for over one year allowing us to set the most stringent laboratory bound on the isotropy of the speed of light and constrain multiple Lorentz violating parameters of a Standard Model extension framework. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 11:09AM - 11:21AM |
R14.00003: Test of Relativistic Kinetic Energy Equation Bharat Chaudhary Kinetic energy of a body equals the work done on it by a force, constant or variable. Force is the time rate of change of momentum. Momentum is mass times velocity. According to special relativity mass and velocity both are variables. Therefore, the differentiation of their product (momentum) has two terms, both are variables. One term is the product of mass and acceleration. The other is of velocity and the rate of change of mass. They together equal the applied force. Since the force equals the sum of two variable terms, it also becomes a variable even if it was a constant earlier. Therefore it is a flaw. There are two more flaws in the force equation. They are found by putting the force equal to zero. When this is done, the acceleration doesn't become zero. This is physically incompatible and is therefore a flaw. The other flaw in the equation is found by integrating the right side terms and evaluating the constant of integration from the initial conditions. Then we get a term containing logarithm of zero that is undefined, therefore the expression so obtained is meaningless. Since it comes from the relativistic definition of force, therefore we conclude that this definition is wrong. Thus we find that there are three flaws in the relativistic definition of force. They all make the relativistic equation of force wrong. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 11:21AM - 11:33AM |
R14.00004: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Monday, April 7, 2014 11:33AM - 11:45AM |
R14.00005: Stokes' theorem, gauge symmetry and the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect James Macdougall, Douglas Singleton Stokes' theorem is investigated in the context of the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect -- the two-slit quantum interference experiment with a {\it time varying} solenoid between the slits. The time varying solenoid produces an electric field which leads to an additional phase shift which is found to exactly cancel the time-dependent part of the usual magnetic Aharonov-Bohm phase shift. This electric field arises from a combination of a non-single valued scalar potential and/or a 3-vector potential. The gauge transformation which leads to the scalar and 3-vector potentials for the electric field is non-single valued. This feature is connected with the non-simply connected topology of the Aharonov-Bohm set-up. The non-single valued nature of the gauge transformation function has interesting consequences for the 4-dimensional Stokes' theorem for the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect. An experimental test of these conclusions is proposed. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 11:45AM - 11:57AM |
R14.00006: New precision tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for Electrons in the underground laboratory at Gran Sasso Johann Marton One of the fundamental rules of quantum physics is represented by the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP). It is evident that this principle is extremely well fulfilled due to many observations. In the past many experiments were performed to search for tiny violations of PEP. The experiment VIP at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) is searching for possible small violations of the PEP for electrons leading to forbidden x-ray transitions in copper atoms. The experimental method, results obtained so far and new developments of a succeeding improved experiment VIP2 at Gran Sasso to further increase the sensitivity by 2 orders of magnitude will be presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 11:57AM - 12:09PM |
R14.00007: A New Foundation of Quantum Mechanics Spyros Efthimiades In traditional quantum mechanics the particle wavefunction is considered as a single entity obtained from postulated equations, e.g., from the postulated Schrodinger equation. We set the foundation of the quantum theory on a more fundamental level by determining the physical origin of the wavefunction. Analyzing particle interactions we realize that particles have multiple virtual motions, and that each motion is accompanied by a wave that has constant amplitude. The wavefunction is the superposition of the virtual waves of the particle. As a result, physical quantities are represented by justified expressions, and we derive the Schrodinger, Dirac, etc. equations as the conditions the wavefunction must satisfy at each point in order to fulfill the corresponding total energy equation. In our approach, quantum mechanics is a physically justifiable and clearly founded theory that can also be introduced in simple conceptual terms. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 12:09PM - 12:21PM |
R14.00008: Catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking in dense QED Paul Springsteen, Efrain Ferrer, Vivian Incera, Angel Sanchez We investigate the phenomena of magnetic catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking in dense QED. We first calculate the photon polarization operator at finite density in the strong-field limit and use it to find the Debye mass and the electrical susceptibility. The chiral condensate is then calculated beyond ladder approximation, and the critical density for condensate evaporation is found. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, April 7, 2014 12:21PM - 12:33PM |
R14.00009: Precision Determination of the Newtonian Gravitational Constant G in HUST Group Jun Luo The Newtonian gravitational constant G holds an important place in physics. Though there have been about 300 published measurement values of G since the first laboratory measurement done by Cavendish over 200 years ago, its measurement precision is among the worst of all the fundamental physics constants. Up to now, even for the seven most precise values of G with their assigned uncertainties within 50 ppm, they are only consistent with each other in the range of about 500 ppm. It seems clear that further investigation and depression of more possible systematic errors are needed greatly for improving the accuracy of the G measurement. In order to find the unknown potential errors in different methods, the time-of-swing method and the angular-acceleration-feedback method are both used to determine the G value in our cave laboratory. In this talk, we will present some updated progress about the G measurement by means of these two different methods. [Preview Abstract] |
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