### Session L15: New Ideas in Cosmology

Sponsoring Units: DPF DAP
Chair: Michael Turner, University of Chicago
Room: Hyatt Regency St. Louis Riverfront (formerly Adam's Mark Hotel), St. Louis H

 Sunday, April 13, 2008 1:30PM - 1:42PM L15.00001: A Potential Link Between the Cosmological Constant and the Fine-structure Constant Shantilal Goradia The age of the universe, about 10$^{60}$ Planck times, makes the spherical radius ($R)$ of its space 10$^{60}$ Planck lengths, as the light moves one Planck length per one Planck time. The fine-structure constant (\textit{$\alpha$}) closely equals the natural logarithm of the square root of the reciprocal of the cosmological constant (\textit{$\lambda$}), making \textit{$\alpha$} $\approx$ ln $\surd$(1/\textit{$\lambda$}), where \textit{$\lambda$} = 1/$R^{2}$ as originally introduced by Einstein in equation number (14) in his 1917 paper: Cosmological Considerations on the General Theory of Relativity. This confirms the time-dependent variation of fine-structure constant in [1], but does not address the issue of dark energy. While [1] invokes negative entropy (-Q/T), so it also invokes dark energy simply. The problem still remains that no theory, as yet, combines the probabilistic aspect of quantum mechanics with gravity. In the meanwhile, we can link [1] with the quantum information theory as information links to entropy. [1] Goradia S. Preprint at (http://www.arxiv.org/physics/0210040 v3 (Jan 2007). Sunday, April 13, 2008 1:42PM - 1:54PM L15.00002: The Calculated Value of the Fine Structure Constant From Gravitational Potential D.T. Froedge In previous presented papers, we have postulated a relation between the gravitational potential and the Fine Structure Constant, (Alpha) necessary for the validity of those papers. In this paper will explore the absolute magnitude of Alpha in regard to the cosmological induced potential generated by the total mass in the system. Although the value of the Fine Structure Constant is known to a very high precision, current QM and GR do not offer an explanation for the value, and it must be determined experimentally. Extremely precise relations between Alpha and the Gyromagnetic ratio make this possible. (.7ppb) This paper offers an explanation of, and calculates the value, within the error bars, of current of experimental data. Since there is a temporal variability predicted in alpha, and because of the current precision of measurements of Alpha, a test of the change predicted by this conjecture is possible.. http://www.arxdtf.org/css/alpha.pdf Sunday, April 13, 2008 1:54PM - 2:06PM L15.00003: Cosmic Observations and Speculation Sol Aisenberg Newton's laws of gravity, based upon solar system observations are assumed to also apply in the universe, and has needed the belief in Dark Matter to explain the observations of Rubin for spiral galaxies, and of Zwicky for groups of galaxies. For mass M and Newton's gravitational constant Gn, star motion in spiral galaxies is described by M*Gn=v*v*r. Observed constant rotational velocities v, results in the product M*Gn as a linear function of distance r. Current speculation is that M provides the linear dependence and results in belief in massive Dark Matter. Our alternate Theory of Additional Gravity, (TAG), adds this linear term to Newton's gravitational constant as Ga=Gn+A*r. This explains observations outside our solar system. This new TAG theory for gravity involves distances and is different from the MOND theory of Milgrom, which involves acceleration. Also, about seven decades ago, Hubble observed remote galaxies and found a linear relationship between the distances and red shifts. Belief is that the red shift is apparently'' due to the Doppler effect. Velocities were not directly measured. This belief led to the apparent expanding universe, and Dark Energy. We explain red shift by three forms of gravity including gravitational drag on interstellar dust and gas. Sunday, April 13, 2008 2:06PM - 2:18PM L15.00004: The Dual-Time Physics of the Universe Paul Suh Novel physics founded on a dual and commensurate space-time universe explicates the nature of dark matter and energy [see APS 2007 Spring Meeting]. Its governing principles also illuminate how the dark matter and energy become unobservable, why the dark energy still suffuses the universe while the observable energy had long faded into the cosmic microwave background, how the black hole singularity is circumvented, why the supernovae shone brighter eight billion years ago, what energy had powered the big-bang inflationary expansion, how the expansion of the universe began to accelerate about five billion years go, and other formidable cosmological puzzles. This paper is available on request to pksuh@msn.com. Sunday, April 13, 2008 2:18PM - 2:30PM L15.00005: Redefining Planck Mass: Unlocking the Fundamental Quantum of the Universe John Laubenstein The large value of the Planck Mass relative to the quantum scale raises unanswered questions as to the source of mass itself. While we wait for experimental verification of the elusive Higgs boson, it may be worth recognizing that Planck Mass is not the result of rigorous mathematics -- but rather derived from an intuitive manipulation of physical constants. Recent findings reported by IWPD suggest a quantum scale Planck Mass as small as 10 (-73) kg. At this scale, the Planck Mass joins Planck Length and Time as a truly fundamental quantum entity. This presentation will provide evidence supporting the fundamental quantum nature of a dramatically smaller Planck Mass while discussing the impact of this finding on both the quantum and cosmic scale. A quantum scale Planck Mass will require an accelerating expansion of the universe at an age of 14.2 billion years. No initial conditions are imposed at the earliest Planck Time of 10 (-44) s allowing the universe to evolve as a background free field propagating at the speed of light with a local degree of freedom. This model provides the basis for a quantum theory of gravity and provides a conceptual pathway for the unification of GR and QM. Sunday, April 13, 2008 2:30PM - 2:42PM L15.00006: Early Universe Consisted of Concentric Orbiting Sections of Material, Not Disks Stewart Brekke The early universe consisted of many systems of concentric torus sections orbiting each other. These torus sections were composed of different materials ranging from hydrogen gas to siiicates. As the orbits of the torus sections decayed, galaxies, stars and planets were formed. The spiral galaxies were created by already formed arms (torus sections), mostly of hydrogen gas, but also of already formed planetary and stellar cores which in themselves were orbited by concentric sections of various materials. As the orbits of the already formed arms decayed, the arms tangentially collided forming spiral galaxies in which orbital motion was converted into rotational motion. Inside the arms the orbits of various materials decayed due to gravitational attraction and tangentially collided with the already formed slowly rotating planetary and stellar cores forming differentially layered planets and stars with the orbital motion translating into a faster rotational motion via accretion. This possible scenario of the early universe explains galactic, stellar and planetary formation without the concept of density waves and accretion disks.