Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2006 APS April Meeting
Saturday–Tuesday, April 22–25, 2006; Dallas, TX
Session J13: Particle Theory |
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Sponsoring Units: DPF Chair: Joseph Lykken, Fermilab Room: Hyatt Regency Dallas Cumberland G |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
J13.00001: Supersymmetry from a Fundamental Statistical Theory: Further Implications Roland Allen, Seiichirou Yokoo (1) The most natural form of the supersymmetry in the preceding abstract appears to contain no auxiliary fields, but to require instead that there are two sfermions for each fundamental fermion, and two gauginos for each gauge boson. The supersymmetry algebra and physical predictions are then quite unconventional. (2) The theory of the previous abstract leads to many features of standard physics, but does not produce the terms in the action for noninteracting gauge, gaugino, gravitational, and gravitino fields. We interpret these terms as arising from a response of the vacuum that is analogous to the Landau diamagnetic response of a metal. The smallness of the cosmological constant then results from a simple principle: The vacuum does not contribute to the stress-energy tensor, but is instead responsible for the Einstein-Hilbert action itself. (3) The initial statistical theory suggests a mechanism for scale-invariant fluctuations which is quite different from that of inflationary models. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
J13.00002: Supersymmetry from a Fundamental Statistical Theory Seiichirou Yokoo, Roland Allen We derive a nearly-standard form of supersymmetry from a quite nonstandard fundamental theory, which is motivated by two ideas: (1) A Euclidean path integral in quantum physics is equivalent to a sum-over-states in statistical physics. This suggests that a fundamental description of nature at the Planck scale is likely to be statistical. (2) A truly fundamental theory should explain the origin of spacetime, quantum fields, gravity, gauge fields, and supersymmetry. We start with a statistical picture that has been introduced elsewhere [1] and add some new understanding. First, we emphasize that the imaginary random Gaussian potential of Ref. 1 (c) must be regarded as an additional postulate of the theory. Second, we point out that the more natural description of fundamental bosons (including Higgs bosons and sfermions) is one in which they have spin zero (as in Ref. 1 (a)) rather than spin 1/2 (as in Ref. 1 (b)). There are then at least two novel predictions of the theory presented here: the lack of a conventional coupling to gravity for Higgs bosons and sfermions, and violation of Lorentz invariance for fermions at very high energy [2]. [1] R.E. Allen, (a) hep-th/9612041; (b) hep-th/0008032; (c) hep-th/0310039. [2] R.E. Allen and S. Yokoo, Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Suppl.) 134, 139 (2004); hep-th/0402154. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
J13.00003: Further Development of HS Field Theory Abdulmajeed Abdurrahman, Jacqueline Faridani, Mahmoud Gassem We present a systematic treatment of the HS Field theory of the open bosonic string and discuss its relationship to other full string field theories of the open bosonic string such as Witten’s theory and the CVS theory. In the development of the HS field theory we encounter infinite dimensional matrices arising from the change of representation between the two theories, i.e., the HS field theory and the full string field theory. We give a general procedure of how to invert these gigantic matrices. The inversion of these matrices involves the computation of many infinite sums. We give the values of these sums and state their generalizations arising from considering higher order vertices (i.e., more than three strings) in string field theory. Moreover, we give a general procedure, on how to evaluate the generalized sums, that can be extended to many generic sums of similar properties. We also discuss the conformal operator connecting the HS field theory to that of the CVS string field theory. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
J13.00004: Fermion Generation and Mixing from Dualized Standard Model Jacqueline Faridani, Abdulmajeed Abdurrahman The puzzle of fermion generations and mass hierarchy are recognized as one of the biggest problems in particle physics. In this work, we present a possible explanation of this puzzle using a non-abelian generalization of electric-magnetic duality. This duality implies the existence of another symmetry dual to color which is necessarily broken when color is confined. This dual color predicts the 3 fermion generations and suggests a Higgs mechanism for breaking the generation symmetry. The fermion mass hierarchy and mixing patterns are also explained. Quarks and leptons are seen to have very different mixing patterns in agreement with experiment. The model offers a perturbative method for calculating mixing parameters and mass ratios between generations, allowing us to calculate to 1-loop order all the 9 CKM matrix elements for quarks, the neutrino oscillation angles and some other quantities. The model is also highly predictive giving correlated predictions in low energy flavor changing neutral current effects and in ultra-high energy post-GZK air shower events from cosmic rays. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
J13.00005: Hidden/Observable Sector Symmetries from Heterotic Strings. Ben Dundee, John Perkins, Gerald Cleaver As a rule, phenomenologically viable string models have matter which is not charged under the standard model gauge group, but rather under other gauge groups. In this research, we have attempted to construct a model in which there is complete symmetry between the hidden and observable sector, using the free fermionic formulation of the heterotic string. Despite symmetric boundary conditions between the two sectors, an asymmetry in the GSO projection prohibits the low energy effective field theory from exhibiting sector symmetry. In the specific examples shown, an expected non-chiral Pati-Salam mirror universe model---[SU(4)$_{C}$ x SU(2)$_{L}$ xSU(2)$_{R}$]$^{O}$ x [SU(4)$_{C}$ x SU(2)$_{L}$ x SU(2)$_{R}$]$^{H}$---is transformed into a chiral model with enhanced hidden sector gauge symmetry and reduced observable sector gauge symmetry---[SU(4)$_{C}$ x SU(2)$_{L}$]$^{O}$ x [SO(10) x SU(2)$_{R}$]$^{H}$. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 2:15PM - 2:27PM |
J13.00006: Status of the Heterotic String Optical Unification Investigation Gerald Cleaver, John Perkins, Ben Dundee, Richard Obousy, Matt Robinson, Stephanie Hatten, Eric Kasper, Cassel Sloan, Kristin Sloan A weakly coupled heterotic string model was recently constructed that offers the possibility of optical unification. Whether optical unification can be realized depends on the availability of anomaly-canceling D- and F-flat directions meeting certain phenomenological requirements. This paper reports on the current status of a systematic investigation of the optical unification properties of a subset of flat directions of this model that are stringently flat. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 2:27PM - 2:39PM |
J13.00007: Direct evidence for the Maldacena conjecture for ${\cal N}=(8,8)$ super Yang-Mills theory in 1+1 dimensions Uwe Trittmann We solve ${\cal N}=(8,8)$ super Yang-Mills theory in 1+1 dimensions at strong coupling to directly confirm the predictions of supergravity at weak coupling. We do our calculations in the large-$N_c$ approximation using Supersymmetric Discrete Light-Cone Quantization with up to $3\times10^{12}$ basis states. We calculate the stress-energy correlator $\langle T^{++}(r) T^{++}(0)\rangle$ as a function of the separation $r$ and find that at intermediate values of r the correlator behaves as $r^{-5}$ to within errors as predicted by weak-coupling supergravity. We also present an extension to significantly higher resolution of our earlier results for the same correlator in the ${\cal N}=(2,2)$ theory and see that in this theory the correlator has very different behavior at intermediate values of $r$. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 2:39PM - 2:51PM |
J13.00008: Supersymmetry, the Casimir effect and speculative propulsion Richard Obousy, Gerald Cleaver Within the framework of brane-world models it is possible to account for the cosmological constant by assuming supersymmetry is broken on the 3-brane but preserved in the bulk. An effective Casimir energy is induced on the brane due to the boundary conditions imposed on the compactified extra dimensions. It will be demonstrated that modification of these boundary conditions allows a spacecraft to travel at any desired speed due to a local adjustment of the cosmological constant which effectively contracts/expands space-time in the front/rear of the ship resulting in motion potentially faster than the speed of light as seen by observers outside the disturbance. [Preview Abstract] |
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