Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2006 APS April Meeting
Saturday–Tuesday, April 22–25, 2006; Dallas, TX
Session H2: Topics in Nuclear Physics |
Hide Abstracts |
Sponsoring Units: DNP Chair: Donald Geesaman, Argonne National Laboratory Room: Hyatt Regency Dallas Landmark B |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 8:30AM - 9:06AM |
H2.00001: Nuclear structure theory with coupled-cluster techniques Invited Speaker: Investigations of rare isotopes in the laboratory are opening the way to understand and clarify the properties of all nuclei and bulk nuclear matter. In this talk I will assess where we stand today in solving the nuclear problem and how future rare isotope facilities will impact our understanding of nuclei. One intriguing aspect of the nuclear problem concerns our ability to describe complex nuclei from the ground up using as input the basic interactions among protons and neutrons. These interactions have their roots in QCD. Success in light nuclear systems was recently demonstrated through quantum Monte Carlo and Hamiltonian diagonalization methods. Our community is also investigating various many-body techniques that will enable descriptions of medium-mass nuclei based on these same interactions. I will describe this exciting frontier of research through illustrating recent progress in the nuclear implementation of coupled-cluster methods, a quantum many-body technique that enjoys great success in quantum chemistry. After describing the basic coupled-cluster ideas, I will illustrate their power by reporting on results of ground- and excited state calculations for Oxygen and Calcium nuclei. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 9:06AM - 9:42AM |
H2.00002: (t,$^{3}$He) and ($^{3}$He,t): complementary probes of spin strength for astrophysics and double beta decay. Invited Speaker: Nuclear charge-exchange (CE) experiments at intermediate energies (E$\sim $100-400 MeV/nucleon) have long been recognized as tools to study the isovector (spin) response of nuclei. The importance of increasing our understanding of collective isovector giant resonances is manifold. Fundamental topics, such as the isovector part of the nucleon-nucleon force and the symmetry part of the nuclear equation of state can be addressed. At the same time, results from CE experiments (in particular the excitation of Gamow-Teller and dipole resonances) are vital for validating theoretical weak transition rates that are input for stellar evolution codes. Furthermore, the accurate knowledge of charge-exchange matrix elements plays an important role in understanding neutrinoless double-beta decay (0$\nu \beta \beta )$ and with the current efforts devoted to the experimental search of signals of 0$\nu \beta \beta $ there is a strong need to pursue the measurements and reduce the uncertainties in the extraction of these matrix elements. At the NSCL, the (t,$^{3}$He) charge-exchange reaction at 115 MeV/nucleon has been developed to address these physics issues. It provides an important addition to existing probes in the (n,p)-direction [mainly (n,p) and (d,$^{2}$He)] since its mirror [($^{3}$He,t), i.e. (p,n)-type] can be studied at similar beam energies at RCNP, Japan and in both directions good energy resolutions can be achieved. Since the reaction mechanisms of (t,$^{3}$He) and ($^{3}$He,t) are similar, it is possible to understand and reduce uncertainties in the extraction of the structure information. In the presentation, the status of the (t,$^{3}$He) program and its connection to the ($^{3}$He,t) experiments will be given. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, April 23, 2006 9:42AM - 10:18AM |
H2.00003: The Role of Strangeness in Nuclear Matter Invited Speaker: No study of the properties of dense matter, especially in connection with neutron stars, can be complete without a deep understanding of how strangeness modifies the equation of state. In finite nuclei we have extensive experience of Lambda hyperons, with JLab and KEK, in particular, currently contributing important new data. In most models, the Lambda hyperons enter the baryon population at roughly twice nuclear matter density but beyond this point there is little consensus. Some models would see Sigma hyperons enter soon, while in others the Cascade would enter first. Whether what comes next is a kaon condensate, quark matter, superconducting quark matter or something else is extremely model dependent. We will review recent progress, starting from the quark level, which offers a unified approach to the in-medium effective interactions between hyperons and nucleons as well as nucleons, at densities up to several times nuclear matter density. This same approach also allows for a consistent theoretical treatment of the transition to quark matter. [Preview Abstract] |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700