Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Annual Meeting of the APS Four Corners Section
Volume 62, Number 17
Friday–Saturday, October 20–21, 2017; Fort Collins, CO
Session K2: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics III |
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Chair: Dylan Yost, Colorado State University Room: Lory Student Center 372 |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 9:25AM - 9:49AM |
K2.00001: Optical Atomic Clocks - New Clocks for New Physics Invited Speaker: Chris Oates Given the extreme precision with which we can measure time, time (together with its inverse, frequency) plays a unique role in the International System (SI) of units and in a myriad of applications including tests of our most fundamental physical principles. The highest performing clocks are now those based on lasers whose frequency is stabilized to ultra-narrow optical transitions excited in samples of trapped atoms. This talk will explain the basic physics behind these revolutionary timepieces and review the state-of-the-art of the field. Included will be descriptions of experiments at NIST and JILA in Boulder, CO, where scientists are comparing the frequencies of optical clocks at the millihertz level, an uncertainty equivalent to one second in the age of the Universe. The talk will conclude with speculation about possible new experiments (e. g., geodesy via Relativity) made possible by frequency metrology at the 18$^{th}$ digit. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 9:49AM - 10:01AM |
K2.00002: A Next-Generation Ultracold KRb Apparatus William Tobias, Luigi De Marco, Giacomo Valtolina, Kyle Matsuda, Jacob Covey, Jun Ye Ultracold polar molecules interact via long-range, anisotropic dipole-dipole potentials, allowing the realization of novel many-body quantum phases. Proposed areas of study for polar molecule lattice systems include spin-orbit coupling, topological phases, and exotic superfluidity. We present progress towards a next-generation KRb apparatus featuring improved electric field control and imaging. The apparatus contains in-vacuum electrodes to generate large (30 kV/cm) homogeneous fields for tuning dipolar interactions, electric field gradients for site-selective imaging, and AC electric fields for manipulating molecular rotational states. A high-numerical aperture lens system will provide addressing and imaging of KRb molecules in an optical lattice with resolution approaching the lattice spacing. Future experiments will include evaporation of KRb molecules to quantum degeneracy, preparation of low-entropy optical lattice samples, and spin-resolved microscopy of phases of dipolar spin Hamiltonians. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 10:01AM - 10:13AM |
K2.00003: Exploring Jaynes-Cummings-like Models for Quantum Control Austen Couvertier, Jean-Francois VanHuele The field of quantum optics informs quantum technology. The quantum optical Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model describes the interaction between a two-level system (qubit) and a photon field. It exemplifies quantum optics due to its simplicity, solvability and its many applications. We expand the JC model to JC-like models to include respectively multi-qubit, multi-photon, and time dependence of the parameters to explore the possibility of quantum control or the achievement of particular outcomes. We explore the solvability of the models, using algebraic and numerical techniques. To achieve quantum control, we explore the creation of an entangled qubit. We will discuss full analytic solutions and give graphical representations of energy expectation values for various models that could prove useful for quantum technology development. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 10:13AM - 10:25AM |
K2.00004: Detection and Memory Loophole Closing Chained Bell Test with Trapped Ions Stephen Erickson, Ting Rei Tan, Yong Wan, Peter Bierhorst, Daniel Kienzler, Scott Glancy, Emanuel Knill, Dietrich Leibfried, David Wineland Several recent groups have performed loop-hole free violations of Bell's inequality, rejecting with high confidence theories of complete local realism, though they are limited in the extent to which their results differ from local realism. Using a pair of entangled Be+ ions to test the chained Bell inequality (CBI), we put an upper bound of 0.327 (95\% confidence) on the fraction of our system that could in principle still be explained by local realism. This is significantly lower than 0.586, the lowest possible upper bound attainable from a perfect Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality experiment. Furthermore, this is the first CBI experiment to close the detection and memory loopholes and the first on massive particles. This work was supported by IARPA and the NIST quantum information program. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 10:25AM - 10:37AM |
K2.00005: Imaging of single barium atoms in solid xenon for nEXO James Todd, Chris Chambers, Tim Walton, Danielle Harris, David Fairbank, William Fairbank Jr. Neutrinoless double beta decay has become of interest in recent decades to prove whether the neutrino is its own anti particle. Experiments in enriched liquid Xenon in EXO-200 are ongoing. To achieve a greater sensitivity, a much larger next generation double beta decay experiment, nEXO, is planned. Searches for neutrinoless double beta decay in nEXO can be improved through barium tagging. In liquid 136Xe, double beta decay leaves a daughter 136Ba atom. If this daughter is identified and tagged, the only remaining background in the nEXO detector is 2nbb decay. A test apparatus with a Ba$+$ ion beam has been used to deposit a small number of Ba atoms in the area of a fixed laser beam. Images down to the level of a single Ba atom in the laser beam have been observed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 21, 2017 10:37AM - 10:49AM |
K2.00006: Parity Nonconservation in Cold Atomic Hydrogen Cory Rasor, Dylan Yost While parity was once thought to be a universal symmetry of nature, its violation is now considered one of the signatures of the weak force. Parity violating experiments in atomic systems have the unique opportunity to probe parameters of the standard model which would otherwise be inaccessible in scattering experiments. Specifically, parity nonconservation (PNC) measurements in atomic hydrogen allow for the measurement of the weak neutral coupling constants between nucleons and the electron at low momentum transfer. Measuring these constants would provide a stringent test of the Standard Model of Electroweak Interactions at low energy, and has potential to provide an indirect measurement of the dark Z boson, a proposed dark matter force carrier. Several groups have attempted such a measurement with little success. This talk will outline an experimental scheme which drastically reduces previous experimental uncertainties and provides reasonable statistics to extract the electron-proton spin independent weak neutral coupling constant, C$_{2p}$, to a fractional uncertainty of $\sim 1\%$. This scheme utilizes a cold (6 K) beam of atomic hydrogen and optically excites the 1S-2S transition via two-photons in preparation for the RF driven interaction region. [Preview Abstract] |
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